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Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576107 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189926 |
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author | Ioannidou, Evangelia Moschetta, Michele Shah, Sidrah Parker, Jack Steven Ozturk, Mehmet Akif Pappas-Gogos, George Sheriff, Matin Rassy, Elie Boussios, Stergios |
author_facet | Ioannidou, Evangelia Moschetta, Michele Shah, Sidrah Parker, Jack Steven Ozturk, Mehmet Akif Pappas-Gogos, George Sheriff, Matin Rassy, Elie Boussios, Stergios |
author_sort | Ioannidou, Evangelia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC. Ongoing clinical trials investigate antiangiogenic monotherapies or combination therapies. Despite the important role of angiogenesis in PC, clinical trials in refractory castration-resistant PC (CRPC) have demonstrated increased toxicity with no clinical benefit. A better understanding of the mechanism of angiogenesis may help to understand the failure of trials, possibly leading to the development of new targeted anti-angiogenic therapies in PC. These could include the identification of specific subsets of patients who might benefit from these therapeutic strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pathways involved in the angiogenesis, the chemotherapeutic agents with antiangiogenic activity, the available studies on anti-angiogenic agents and the potential mechanisms of resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8472415 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84724152021-09-28 Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets Ioannidou, Evangelia Moschetta, Michele Shah, Sidrah Parker, Jack Steven Ozturk, Mehmet Akif Pappas-Gogos, George Sheriff, Matin Rassy, Elie Boussios, Stergios Int J Mol Sci Review Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC. Ongoing clinical trials investigate antiangiogenic monotherapies or combination therapies. Despite the important role of angiogenesis in PC, clinical trials in refractory castration-resistant PC (CRPC) have demonstrated increased toxicity with no clinical benefit. A better understanding of the mechanism of angiogenesis may help to understand the failure of trials, possibly leading to the development of new targeted anti-angiogenic therapies in PC. These could include the identification of specific subsets of patients who might benefit from these therapeutic strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pathways involved in the angiogenesis, the chemotherapeutic agents with antiangiogenic activity, the available studies on anti-angiogenic agents and the potential mechanisms of resistance. MDPI 2021-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8472415/ /pubmed/34576107 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189926 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ioannidou, Evangelia Moschetta, Michele Shah, Sidrah Parker, Jack Steven Ozturk, Mehmet Akif Pappas-Gogos, George Sheriff, Matin Rassy, Elie Boussios, Stergios Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title | Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title_full | Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title_fullStr | Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title_full_unstemmed | Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title_short | Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets |
title_sort | angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic treatment in prostate cancer: mechanisms of action and molecular targets |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576107 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189926 |
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