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Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study
The aim of the study was to examine potential cognitive, mood (depression and anxiety) and behavioral changes that may be related to the quarantine and the lockdown applied during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greek older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia in mild and moderate s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34573186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091165 |
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author | Tsatali, Marianna Moraitou, Despina Poptsi, Eleni Sia, Eleni Agogiatou, Christina Gialaouzidis, Moses Tabakis, Irene-Maria Avdikou, Konstantina Bakoglidou, Evaggelia Batsila, Georgia Bekiaridis-Moschou, Dimitrios Chatziroumpi, Ourania Diamantidou, Alexandra Gavra, Andromachi Kouroundi, Eleni Liapi, Despina Markou, Nefeli Ouzouni, Fani Papasozomenou, Chrysa Soumpourou, Aikaterini Tsolaki, Magdalini |
author_facet | Tsatali, Marianna Moraitou, Despina Poptsi, Eleni Sia, Eleni Agogiatou, Christina Gialaouzidis, Moses Tabakis, Irene-Maria Avdikou, Konstantina Bakoglidou, Evaggelia Batsila, Georgia Bekiaridis-Moschou, Dimitrios Chatziroumpi, Ourania Diamantidou, Alexandra Gavra, Andromachi Kouroundi, Eleni Liapi, Despina Markou, Nefeli Ouzouni, Fani Papasozomenou, Chrysa Soumpourou, Aikaterini Tsolaki, Magdalini |
author_sort | Tsatali, Marianna |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of the study was to examine potential cognitive, mood (depression and anxiety) and behavioral changes that may be related to the quarantine and the lockdown applied during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greek older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia in mild and moderate stages. Method: 407 older adults, diagnosed either with MCI or AD dementia (ADD), were recruited from the Day Centers of the Greek Association of Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD). Neuropsychological assessment was performed at baseline (at the time of diagnosis) between May and July of 2018, as well as for two consecutive follow-up assessments, identical in period, in 2019 and 2020. The majority of participants had participated in non-pharmacological interventions during 2018 as well as 2019, whereas all of them continued their participation online in 2020. Results: Mixed measures analysis of variance showed that participants’ ‘deterioration difference—D’ by means of their performance difference in neuropsychological assessments between 2018–2019 (D1) and 2019–2020 (D2) did not change, except for the FUCAS, RAVLT, and phonemic fluency tests, since both groups resulted in a larger deterioration difference (D2) in these tests. Additionally, three path models examining the direct relationships between performance in tests measuring mood, as well as everyday functioning and cognitive measures, showed that participants’ worsened performance in the 2019 and 2020 assessments was strongly affected by NPI performance, in sharp contrast to the 2018 assessment. Discussion: During the lockdown period, MCI and ADD patients’ neuropsychological performance did not change, except from the tests measuring verbal memory, learning, and phonemic fluency, as well as everyday functioning. However, the natural progression of the MCI as well as ADD condition is the main reason for participants’ deterioration. Mood performance became increasingly closely related to cognition and everyday functioning. Hence, the role of quarantine and AD progression are discussed as potential factors associated with impairments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8472805 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84728052021-09-28 Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study Tsatali, Marianna Moraitou, Despina Poptsi, Eleni Sia, Eleni Agogiatou, Christina Gialaouzidis, Moses Tabakis, Irene-Maria Avdikou, Konstantina Bakoglidou, Evaggelia Batsila, Georgia Bekiaridis-Moschou, Dimitrios Chatziroumpi, Ourania Diamantidou, Alexandra Gavra, Andromachi Kouroundi, Eleni Liapi, Despina Markou, Nefeli Ouzouni, Fani Papasozomenou, Chrysa Soumpourou, Aikaterini Tsolaki, Magdalini Brain Sci Article The aim of the study was to examine potential cognitive, mood (depression and anxiety) and behavioral changes that may be related to the quarantine and the lockdown applied during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greek older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia in mild and moderate stages. Method: 407 older adults, diagnosed either with MCI or AD dementia (ADD), were recruited from the Day Centers of the Greek Association of Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD). Neuropsychological assessment was performed at baseline (at the time of diagnosis) between May and July of 2018, as well as for two consecutive follow-up assessments, identical in period, in 2019 and 2020. The majority of participants had participated in non-pharmacological interventions during 2018 as well as 2019, whereas all of them continued their participation online in 2020. Results: Mixed measures analysis of variance showed that participants’ ‘deterioration difference—D’ by means of their performance difference in neuropsychological assessments between 2018–2019 (D1) and 2019–2020 (D2) did not change, except for the FUCAS, RAVLT, and phonemic fluency tests, since both groups resulted in a larger deterioration difference (D2) in these tests. Additionally, three path models examining the direct relationships between performance in tests measuring mood, as well as everyday functioning and cognitive measures, showed that participants’ worsened performance in the 2019 and 2020 assessments was strongly affected by NPI performance, in sharp contrast to the 2018 assessment. Discussion: During the lockdown period, MCI and ADD patients’ neuropsychological performance did not change, except from the tests measuring verbal memory, learning, and phonemic fluency, as well as everyday functioning. However, the natural progression of the MCI as well as ADD condition is the main reason for participants’ deterioration. Mood performance became increasingly closely related to cognition and everyday functioning. Hence, the role of quarantine and AD progression are discussed as potential factors associated with impairments. MDPI 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8472805/ /pubmed/34573186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091165 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tsatali, Marianna Moraitou, Despina Poptsi, Eleni Sia, Eleni Agogiatou, Christina Gialaouzidis, Moses Tabakis, Irene-Maria Avdikou, Konstantina Bakoglidou, Evaggelia Batsila, Georgia Bekiaridis-Moschou, Dimitrios Chatziroumpi, Ourania Diamantidou, Alexandra Gavra, Andromachi Kouroundi, Eleni Liapi, Despina Markou, Nefeli Ouzouni, Fani Papasozomenou, Chrysa Soumpourou, Aikaterini Tsolaki, Magdalini Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title | Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title_full | Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title_fullStr | Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title_short | Are There Any Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Potentially Related to Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and AD Dementia? A Longitudinal Study |
title_sort | are there any cognitive and behavioral changes potentially related to quarantine due to the covid-19 pandemic in people with mild cognitive impairment and ad dementia? a longitudinal study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34573186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091165 |
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