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Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is closely associated with the occurrence and deterioration of cardiovascular disease, depression and other diseases. The evaluation of pharmacological treatments for insomnia brings significant clinical implications. In this study, a total of 20 patients wit...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472826/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34573726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091101 |
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author | Guo, Yanping Chen, Yingying Yang, Qianru Hou, Fengzhen Liu, Xinyu Ma, Yan |
author_facet | Guo, Yanping Chen, Yingying Yang, Qianru Hou, Fengzhen Liu, Xinyu Ma, Yan |
author_sort | Guo, Yanping |
collection | PubMed |
description | Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is closely associated with the occurrence and deterioration of cardiovascular disease, depression and other diseases. The evaluation of pharmacological treatments for insomnia brings significant clinical implications. In this study, a total of 20 patients with mild insomnia and 75 healthy subjects as controls (HC) were included to explore alterations of electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity associated with insomnia and its pharmacological treatment by using multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE). All participants were recorded for two nights of polysomnography (PSG). The patients with mild insomnia received a placebo on the first night (Placebo) and temazepam on the second night (Temazepam), while the HCs had no sleep-related medication intake for either night. EEG recordings from each night were extracted and analyzed using MPE. The results showed that MPE decreased significantly from pre-lights-off to the period during sleep transition and then to the period after sleep onset, and also during the deepening of sleep stage in the HC group. Furthermore, results from the insomnia subjects showed that MPE values were significantly lower for the Temazepam night compared to MPE values for the Placebo night. Moreover, MPE values for the Temazepam night showed no correlation with age or gender. Our results indicated that EEG complexity, measured by MPE, may be utilized as an alternative approach to measure the impact of sleep medication on brain dynamics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8472826 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84728262021-09-28 Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia Guo, Yanping Chen, Yingying Yang, Qianru Hou, Fengzhen Liu, Xinyu Ma, Yan Entropy (Basel) Article Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that is closely associated with the occurrence and deterioration of cardiovascular disease, depression and other diseases. The evaluation of pharmacological treatments for insomnia brings significant clinical implications. In this study, a total of 20 patients with mild insomnia and 75 healthy subjects as controls (HC) were included to explore alterations of electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity associated with insomnia and its pharmacological treatment by using multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE). All participants were recorded for two nights of polysomnography (PSG). The patients with mild insomnia received a placebo on the first night (Placebo) and temazepam on the second night (Temazepam), while the HCs had no sleep-related medication intake for either night. EEG recordings from each night were extracted and analyzed using MPE. The results showed that MPE decreased significantly from pre-lights-off to the period during sleep transition and then to the period after sleep onset, and also during the deepening of sleep stage in the HC group. Furthermore, results from the insomnia subjects showed that MPE values were significantly lower for the Temazepam night compared to MPE values for the Placebo night. Moreover, MPE values for the Temazepam night showed no correlation with age or gender. Our results indicated that EEG complexity, measured by MPE, may be utilized as an alternative approach to measure the impact of sleep medication on brain dynamics. MDPI 2021-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8472826/ /pubmed/34573726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091101 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Guo, Yanping Chen, Yingying Yang, Qianru Hou, Fengzhen Liu, Xinyu Ma, Yan Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title | Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title_full | Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title_fullStr | Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title_short | Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia |
title_sort | multi-scale permutation entropy: a potential measure for the impact of sleep medication on brain dynamics of patients with insomnia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472826/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34573726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091101 |
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