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RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication

Understanding how viruses with multi-segmented genomes incorporate one copy of each segment into their capsids remains an intriguing question. Here, we review our recent progress and describe the advancements made in understanding the genome packaging mechanism of a model nonenveloped virus, Blueton...

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Autores principales: Sung, Po-Yu, Roy, Polly
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091841
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author Sung, Po-Yu
Roy, Polly
author_facet Sung, Po-Yu
Roy, Polly
author_sort Sung, Po-Yu
collection PubMed
description Understanding how viruses with multi-segmented genomes incorporate one copy of each segment into their capsids remains an intriguing question. Here, we review our recent progress and describe the advancements made in understanding the genome packaging mechanism of a model nonenveloped virus, Bluetongue virus (BTV), with a 10-segment (S1–S10) double-strand RNA (dsRNA) genome. BTV (multiple serotypes), a member of the Orbivirus genus in the Reoviridae family, is a notable pathogen for livestock and is responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. This has enabled the creation of an extensive set of reagents and assays, including reverse genetics, cell-free RNA packaging, and bespoke bioinformatics approaches, which can be directed to address the packaging question. Our studies have shown that (i) UTRs enable the conformation of each segment necessary for the next level of RNA–RNA interaction; (ii) a specific order of intersegment interactions leads to a complex RNA network containing all the active components in sorting and packaging; (iii) networked segments are recruited into nascent assembling capsids; and (iv) select capsid proteins might be involved in the packaging process. The key features of genome packaging mechanisms for BTV and related dsRNA viruses are novel and open up new avenues of potential intervention.
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spelling pubmed-84730072021-09-28 RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication Sung, Po-Yu Roy, Polly Viruses Review Understanding how viruses with multi-segmented genomes incorporate one copy of each segment into their capsids remains an intriguing question. Here, we review our recent progress and describe the advancements made in understanding the genome packaging mechanism of a model nonenveloped virus, Bluetongue virus (BTV), with a 10-segment (S1–S10) double-strand RNA (dsRNA) genome. BTV (multiple serotypes), a member of the Orbivirus genus in the Reoviridae family, is a notable pathogen for livestock and is responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. This has enabled the creation of an extensive set of reagents and assays, including reverse genetics, cell-free RNA packaging, and bespoke bioinformatics approaches, which can be directed to address the packaging question. Our studies have shown that (i) UTRs enable the conformation of each segment necessary for the next level of RNA–RNA interaction; (ii) a specific order of intersegment interactions leads to a complex RNA network containing all the active components in sorting and packaging; (iii) networked segments are recruited into nascent assembling capsids; and (iv) select capsid proteins might be involved in the packaging process. The key features of genome packaging mechanisms for BTV and related dsRNA viruses are novel and open up new avenues of potential intervention. MDPI 2021-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8473007/ /pubmed/34578422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091841 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sung, Po-Yu
Roy, Polly
RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title_full RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title_fullStr RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title_full_unstemmed RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title_short RNA Origami: Packaging a Segmented Genome in Orbivirus Assembly and Replication
title_sort rna origami: packaging a segmented genome in orbivirus assembly and replication
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091841
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