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Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics

Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is a disease that commonly affects the cornea and external eye and is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus infects approximately 66% of people worldwide; however, only a small portion of these people will develop symptoms in their lifetime. There i...

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Autores principales: Greenan, Emily, Gallagher, Sophie, Khalil, Rana, Murphy, Conor C., Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole, Joan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578437
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091856
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author Greenan, Emily
Gallagher, Sophie
Khalil, Rana
Murphy, Conor C.
Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole, Joan
author_facet Greenan, Emily
Gallagher, Sophie
Khalil, Rana
Murphy, Conor C.
Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole, Joan
author_sort Greenan, Emily
collection PubMed
description Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is a disease that commonly affects the cornea and external eye and is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus infects approximately 66% of people worldwide; however, only a small portion of these people will develop symptoms in their lifetime. There is no cure or vaccine available for HSV-1; however, there are treatments available that aim to control the inflammation caused by the virus and prevent its recurrence. While these treatments are beneficial to those suffering with HSK, there is a need for more effective treatments to minimise the need for topical steroids, which can have harmful effects, and to prevent bouts of disease reactivation, which can lead to progressive corneal scarring and visual impairment. This review details the current understanding of HSV-1 infection and discusses potential novel treatment options including microRNAs, TLRs, mAbs, and aptamers.
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spelling pubmed-84734502021-09-28 Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics Greenan, Emily Gallagher, Sophie Khalil, Rana Murphy, Conor C. Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole, Joan Viruses Review Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is a disease that commonly affects the cornea and external eye and is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus infects approximately 66% of people worldwide; however, only a small portion of these people will develop symptoms in their lifetime. There is no cure or vaccine available for HSV-1; however, there are treatments available that aim to control the inflammation caused by the virus and prevent its recurrence. While these treatments are beneficial to those suffering with HSK, there is a need for more effective treatments to minimise the need for topical steroids, which can have harmful effects, and to prevent bouts of disease reactivation, which can lead to progressive corneal scarring and visual impairment. This review details the current understanding of HSV-1 infection and discusses potential novel treatment options including microRNAs, TLRs, mAbs, and aptamers. MDPI 2021-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8473450/ /pubmed/34578437 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091856 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Greenan, Emily
Gallagher, Sophie
Khalil, Rana
Murphy, Conor C.
Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole, Joan
Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title_full Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title_fullStr Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title_full_unstemmed Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title_short Advancing Our Understanding of Corneal Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Immune Evasion Mechanisms and Future Therapeutics
title_sort advancing our understanding of corneal herpes simplex virus-1 immune evasion mechanisms and future therapeutics
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578437
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091856
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