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A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping

Dengue is recognized as a major health issue in large urban tropical cities but is also observed in rural areas. In these environments, physical characteristics of the landscape and sociodemographic factors may influence vector populations at small geographic scales, while prior immunity to the four...

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Autores principales: Lee, Gwenyth O., Vasco, Luis, Márquez, Sully, Zuniga-Moya, Julio C., Van Engen, Amanda, Uruchima, Jessica, Ponce, Patricio, Cevallos, William, Trueba, Gabriel, Trostle, James, Berrocal, Veronica J., Morrison, Amy C., Cevallos, Varsovia, Mena, Carlos, Coloma, Josefina, Eisenberg, Joseph N. S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8475985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34570788
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009679
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author Lee, Gwenyth O.
Vasco, Luis
Márquez, Sully
Zuniga-Moya, Julio C.
Van Engen, Amanda
Uruchima, Jessica
Ponce, Patricio
Cevallos, William
Trueba, Gabriel
Trostle, James
Berrocal, Veronica J.
Morrison, Amy C.
Cevallos, Varsovia
Mena, Carlos
Coloma, Josefina
Eisenberg, Joseph N. S.
author_facet Lee, Gwenyth O.
Vasco, Luis
Márquez, Sully
Zuniga-Moya, Julio C.
Van Engen, Amanda
Uruchima, Jessica
Ponce, Patricio
Cevallos, William
Trueba, Gabriel
Trostle, James
Berrocal, Veronica J.
Morrison, Amy C.
Cevallos, Varsovia
Mena, Carlos
Coloma, Josefina
Eisenberg, Joseph N. S.
author_sort Lee, Gwenyth O.
collection PubMed
description Dengue is recognized as a major health issue in large urban tropical cities but is also observed in rural areas. In these environments, physical characteristics of the landscape and sociodemographic factors may influence vector populations at small geographic scales, while prior immunity to the four dengue virus serotypes affects incidence. In 2019, a rural northwestern Ecuadorian community, only accessible by river, experienced a dengue outbreak. The village is 2–3 hours by boat away from the nearest population center and comprises both Afro-Ecuadorian and Indigenous Chachi households. We used multiple data streams to examine spatial risk factors associated with this outbreak, combining maps collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an entomological survey, a community census, and active surveillance of febrile cases. We mapped visible water containers seen in UAV images and calculated both the green-red vegetation index (GRVI) and household proximity to public spaces like schools and meeting areas. To identify risk factors for symptomatic dengue infection, we used mixed-effect logistic regression models to account for the clustering of symptomatic cases within households. We identified 55 dengue cases (9.5% of the population) from 37 households. Cases peaked in June and continued through October. Rural spatial organization helped to explain disease risk. Afro-Ecuadorian (versus Indigenous) households experience more symptomatic dengue (OR = 3.0, 95%CI: 1.3, 6.9). This association was explained by differences in vegetation (measured by GRVI) near the household (OR: 11.3 95% 0.38, 38.0) and proximity to the football field (OR: 13.9, 95% 4.0, 48.4). The integration of UAV mapping with other data streams adds to our understanding of these dynamics.
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spelling pubmed-84759852021-09-28 A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping Lee, Gwenyth O. Vasco, Luis Márquez, Sully Zuniga-Moya, Julio C. Van Engen, Amanda Uruchima, Jessica Ponce, Patricio Cevallos, William Trueba, Gabriel Trostle, James Berrocal, Veronica J. Morrison, Amy C. Cevallos, Varsovia Mena, Carlos Coloma, Josefina Eisenberg, Joseph N. S. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Dengue is recognized as a major health issue in large urban tropical cities but is also observed in rural areas. In these environments, physical characteristics of the landscape and sociodemographic factors may influence vector populations at small geographic scales, while prior immunity to the four dengue virus serotypes affects incidence. In 2019, a rural northwestern Ecuadorian community, only accessible by river, experienced a dengue outbreak. The village is 2–3 hours by boat away from the nearest population center and comprises both Afro-Ecuadorian and Indigenous Chachi households. We used multiple data streams to examine spatial risk factors associated with this outbreak, combining maps collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an entomological survey, a community census, and active surveillance of febrile cases. We mapped visible water containers seen in UAV images and calculated both the green-red vegetation index (GRVI) and household proximity to public spaces like schools and meeting areas. To identify risk factors for symptomatic dengue infection, we used mixed-effect logistic regression models to account for the clustering of symptomatic cases within households. We identified 55 dengue cases (9.5% of the population) from 37 households. Cases peaked in June and continued through October. Rural spatial organization helped to explain disease risk. Afro-Ecuadorian (versus Indigenous) households experience more symptomatic dengue (OR = 3.0, 95%CI: 1.3, 6.9). This association was explained by differences in vegetation (measured by GRVI) near the household (OR: 11.3 95% 0.38, 38.0) and proximity to the football field (OR: 13.9, 95% 4.0, 48.4). The integration of UAV mapping with other data streams adds to our understanding of these dynamics. Public Library of Science 2021-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8475985/ /pubmed/34570788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009679 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lee, Gwenyth O.
Vasco, Luis
Márquez, Sully
Zuniga-Moya, Julio C.
Van Engen, Amanda
Uruchima, Jessica
Ponce, Patricio
Cevallos, William
Trueba, Gabriel
Trostle, James
Berrocal, Veronica J.
Morrison, Amy C.
Cevallos, Varsovia
Mena, Carlos
Coloma, Josefina
Eisenberg, Joseph N. S.
A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title_full A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title_fullStr A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title_full_unstemmed A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title_short A dengue outbreak in a rural community in Northern Coastal Ecuador: An analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
title_sort dengue outbreak in a rural community in northern coastal ecuador: an analysis using unmanned aerial vehicle mapping
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8475985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34570788
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009679
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