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Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice

The endothelial glycocalyx (GCX) plays a key role in the development of organ failure following sepsis. Researchers have investigated GCX degradation caused by pathological conditions. Nonetheless, the GCX restoration process remains poorly understood. Herein, we developed a model in which GCX resto...

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Autores principales: Shinohara, Akane, Ushiyama, Akira, Iijima, Takehiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8476805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34595224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.730298
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author Shinohara, Akane
Ushiyama, Akira
Iijima, Takehiko
author_facet Shinohara, Akane
Ushiyama, Akira
Iijima, Takehiko
author_sort Shinohara, Akane
collection PubMed
description The endothelial glycocalyx (GCX) plays a key role in the development of organ failure following sepsis. Researchers have investigated GCX degradation caused by pathological conditions. Nonetheless, the GCX restoration process remains poorly understood. Herein, we developed a model in which GCX restoration could be reproduced in mice using in vivo imaging and a dorsal skinfold chamber (DSC). The severity of sepsis was controlled by adjusting the dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) used to trigger GCX degradation in BALB/c mice. We evaluated the GCX thickness, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, and vascular permeability using in vivo imaging through DSC under intravital microscopy. The plasma concentration of syndecan-1(Sdc-1), a GCX structural component, was also determined as a marker of GCX degradation. Thus, we developed a reproducible spontaneous GCX recovery model in mice. Degraded GCX was restored within 24 h by the direct visualization of the endothelial GCX thickness, and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. In contrast, indirectly related indicators of recovery from sepsis, such as body weight and blood pressure, required a longer recovery time. This model can be used to study intractable angiopathy following sepsis.
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spelling pubmed-84768052021-09-29 Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice Shinohara, Akane Ushiyama, Akira Iijima, Takehiko Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine The endothelial glycocalyx (GCX) plays a key role in the development of organ failure following sepsis. Researchers have investigated GCX degradation caused by pathological conditions. Nonetheless, the GCX restoration process remains poorly understood. Herein, we developed a model in which GCX restoration could be reproduced in mice using in vivo imaging and a dorsal skinfold chamber (DSC). The severity of sepsis was controlled by adjusting the dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) used to trigger GCX degradation in BALB/c mice. We evaluated the GCX thickness, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, and vascular permeability using in vivo imaging through DSC under intravital microscopy. The plasma concentration of syndecan-1(Sdc-1), a GCX structural component, was also determined as a marker of GCX degradation. Thus, we developed a reproducible spontaneous GCX recovery model in mice. Degraded GCX was restored within 24 h by the direct visualization of the endothelial GCX thickness, and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. In contrast, indirectly related indicators of recovery from sepsis, such as body weight and blood pressure, required a longer recovery time. This model can be used to study intractable angiopathy following sepsis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8476805/ /pubmed/34595224 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.730298 Text en Copyright © 2021 Shinohara, Ushiyama and Iijima. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Shinohara, Akane
Ushiyama, Akira
Iijima, Takehiko
Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title_full Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title_fullStr Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title_full_unstemmed Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title_short Time-Dependent Dynamics Required for the Degradation and Restoration of the Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Septic Mice
title_sort time-dependent dynamics required for the degradation and restoration of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx layer in lipopolysaccharide-treated septic mice
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8476805/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34595224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.730298
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