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Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is relatively common in children, with most of its histological types being minimal changed disease. Its etiology has long been attributed to lymphocyte (especially T-cell) dysfunction, while T-cell-mediated vascular hyperpermeability increases protein permeability in glomeru...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8477269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34631479 http://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v10.i5.88 |
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author | Tamura, Hiroshi |
author_facet | Tamura, Hiroshi |
author_sort | Tamura, Hiroshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is relatively common in children, with most of its histological types being minimal changed disease. Its etiology has long been attributed to lymphocyte (especially T-cell) dysfunction, while T-cell-mediated vascular hyperpermeability increases protein permeability in glomerular capillaries, leading to proteinuria and hypoproteinemia. Based on this etiology, steroids and immunosuppressive drugs that are effective against this disease have also been considered to correct T-cell dysfunction. However, in recent years, this has been questioned. The primary cause of NS has been considered damage to glomerular epithelial cells and podocyte-related proteins. Therefore, we first describe the changes in expression of molecules involved in NS etiology, and then describe the mechanism by which abnormal expression of these molecules induces proteinuria. Finally, we consider the mechanism by which infection causes the recurrence of NS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8477269 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84772692021-10-08 Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome Tamura, Hiroshi World J Nephrol Minireviews Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is relatively common in children, with most of its histological types being minimal changed disease. Its etiology has long been attributed to lymphocyte (especially T-cell) dysfunction, while T-cell-mediated vascular hyperpermeability increases protein permeability in glomerular capillaries, leading to proteinuria and hypoproteinemia. Based on this etiology, steroids and immunosuppressive drugs that are effective against this disease have also been considered to correct T-cell dysfunction. However, in recent years, this has been questioned. The primary cause of NS has been considered damage to glomerular epithelial cells and podocyte-related proteins. Therefore, we first describe the changes in expression of molecules involved in NS etiology, and then describe the mechanism by which abnormal expression of these molecules induces proteinuria. Finally, we consider the mechanism by which infection causes the recurrence of NS. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021-09-25 2021-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8477269/ /pubmed/34631479 http://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v10.i5.88 Text en ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Minireviews Tamura, Hiroshi Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title | Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title_full | Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title_fullStr | Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed | Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title_short | Trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
title_sort | trends in pediatric nephrotic syndrome |
topic | Minireviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8477269/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34631479 http://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v10.i5.88 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tamurahiroshi trendsinpediatricnephroticsyndrome |