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Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
The treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) have improved over the past 25 years, but now the main question for physicians is deciding who should receive treatment, for how long, and when to switch to other options. These decisions are typically based on treatment tolerance and a reasonable expectati...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34602928 http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2021-3973 |
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author | Kouchaki, Ebrahim Dashti, Fatemeh Mirazimi, Seyed Mohammad Ali Alirezaei, Zahra Jafari, Seyed Hamed Hamblin, Michael R. Mirzaei, Hamed |
author_facet | Kouchaki, Ebrahim Dashti, Fatemeh Mirazimi, Seyed Mohammad Ali Alirezaei, Zahra Jafari, Seyed Hamed Hamblin, Michael R. Mirzaei, Hamed |
author_sort | Kouchaki, Ebrahim |
collection | PubMed |
description | The treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) have improved over the past 25 years, but now the main question for physicians is deciding who should receive treatment, for how long, and when to switch to other options. These decisions are typically based on treatment tolerance and a reasonable expectation of long-term efficacy. A significant unmet need is the lack of accurate laboratory measurements for diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment response, including deterioration and disease progression. There are few validated biomarkers for MS, and in practice, physicians employ two biomarkers discovered fifty years ago for MS diagnosis, often in combination with MRI scans. These biomarkers are intrathecal IgG and oligoclonal bands in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a relatively new biomarker for MS diagnosis and follow up. Neurofilaments are neuron-specific cytoskeleton proteins that can be measured in various body compartments. NfL is a new biomarker for MS that can be measured in serum samples, but this still needs further study to specify the laboratory cut-off values in clinical practice. In the present review we discuss the evidence for NfL as a reliable biomarker for the early detection and management of MS. Moreover, we highlight the correlation between MRI and NfL, and ask whether they can be combined. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8481790 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84817902021-09-30 Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis Kouchaki, Ebrahim Dashti, Fatemeh Mirazimi, Seyed Mohammad Ali Alirezaei, Zahra Jafari, Seyed Hamed Hamblin, Michael R. Mirzaei, Hamed EXCLI J Review Article The treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) have improved over the past 25 years, but now the main question for physicians is deciding who should receive treatment, for how long, and when to switch to other options. These decisions are typically based on treatment tolerance and a reasonable expectation of long-term efficacy. A significant unmet need is the lack of accurate laboratory measurements for diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment response, including deterioration and disease progression. There are few validated biomarkers for MS, and in practice, physicians employ two biomarkers discovered fifty years ago for MS diagnosis, often in combination with MRI scans. These biomarkers are intrathecal IgG and oligoclonal bands in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a relatively new biomarker for MS diagnosis and follow up. Neurofilaments are neuron-specific cytoskeleton proteins that can be measured in various body compartments. NfL is a new biomarker for MS that can be measured in serum samples, but this still needs further study to specify the laboratory cut-off values in clinical practice. In the present review we discuss the evidence for NfL as a reliable biomarker for the early detection and management of MS. Moreover, we highlight the correlation between MRI and NfL, and ask whether they can be combined. Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors 2021-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8481790/ /pubmed/34602928 http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2021-3973 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kouchaki et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ) You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Kouchaki, Ebrahim Dashti, Fatemeh Mirazimi, Seyed Mohammad Ali Alirezaei, Zahra Jafari, Seyed Hamed Hamblin, Michael R. Mirzaei, Hamed Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title | Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title_full | Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title_fullStr | Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title_short | Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
title_sort | neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481790/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34602928 http://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2021-3973 |
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