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Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects
Due to the currently ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is strongly recommended to wear facemasks to minimize transmission risk. Wearing a facemask may have the potential to increase dyspnea and worsen cardiopulmonary parameters during exercise; however, research-based evide...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8483295/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34591935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258104 |
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author | Fukushi, Isato Nakamura, Masatoshi Kuwana, Shun-ichi |
author_facet | Fukushi, Isato Nakamura, Masatoshi Kuwana, Shun-ichi |
author_sort | Fukushi, Isato |
collection | PubMed |
description | Due to the currently ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is strongly recommended to wear facemasks to minimize transmission risk. Wearing a facemask may have the potential to increase dyspnea and worsen cardiopulmonary parameters during exercise; however, research-based evidence is lacking. We investigated the hypothesis that wearing facemasks affects the sensation of dyspnea, pulse rate, and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation during exercise. Healthy adults (15 men, 9 women) underwent a progressive treadmill test under 3 conditions in randomized order: wearing a surgical facemask, cloth facemask, or no facemask. Experiment was carried out once daily under each condition, for a total of 3 days. Each subject first sat on a chair for 30 minutes, then walked on a treadmill according to a Bruce protocol that was modified by us. The experiment was discontinued when the subject’s pulse rate exceeded 174 beats/min. After discontinuation, the subject immediately sat on a chair and was allowed to rest for 10 minutes. Subjects were required to rate their levels of dyspnea perception on a numerical scale. Pulse rate and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation were continuously monitored with a pulse oximeter. These parameters were recorded in each trial every 3 minutes after the start of the exercise; the point of discontinuation; and 5 and 10 minutes after discontinuation. The following findings were obtained. Wearing a facemask does not worsen dyspnea during light to moderate exercise but worsens dyspnea during vigorous exercise. Wearing a cloth facemask increases dyspnea more than wearing a surgical facemask during exercise and increases pulse rate during vigorous exercise, but it does not increase pulse rate during less vigorous exercise. Wearing a surgical facemask does not increase pulse rate at any load level. Lastly, wearing a facemask does not affect percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation during exercise at any load level regardless of facemask type. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8483295 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84832952021-10-01 Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects Fukushi, Isato Nakamura, Masatoshi Kuwana, Shun-ichi PLoS One Research Article Due to the currently ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is strongly recommended to wear facemasks to minimize transmission risk. Wearing a facemask may have the potential to increase dyspnea and worsen cardiopulmonary parameters during exercise; however, research-based evidence is lacking. We investigated the hypothesis that wearing facemasks affects the sensation of dyspnea, pulse rate, and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation during exercise. Healthy adults (15 men, 9 women) underwent a progressive treadmill test under 3 conditions in randomized order: wearing a surgical facemask, cloth facemask, or no facemask. Experiment was carried out once daily under each condition, for a total of 3 days. Each subject first sat on a chair for 30 minutes, then walked on a treadmill according to a Bruce protocol that was modified by us. The experiment was discontinued when the subject’s pulse rate exceeded 174 beats/min. After discontinuation, the subject immediately sat on a chair and was allowed to rest for 10 minutes. Subjects were required to rate their levels of dyspnea perception on a numerical scale. Pulse rate and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation were continuously monitored with a pulse oximeter. These parameters were recorded in each trial every 3 minutes after the start of the exercise; the point of discontinuation; and 5 and 10 minutes after discontinuation. The following findings were obtained. Wearing a facemask does not worsen dyspnea during light to moderate exercise but worsens dyspnea during vigorous exercise. Wearing a cloth facemask increases dyspnea more than wearing a surgical facemask during exercise and increases pulse rate during vigorous exercise, but it does not increase pulse rate during less vigorous exercise. Wearing a surgical facemask does not increase pulse rate at any load level. Lastly, wearing a facemask does not affect percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation during exercise at any load level regardless of facemask type. Public Library of Science 2021-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8483295/ /pubmed/34591935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258104 Text en © 2021 Fukushi et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Fukushi, Isato Nakamura, Masatoshi Kuwana, Shun-ichi Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title | Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title_full | Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title_fullStr | Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title_short | Effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
title_sort | effects of wearing facemasks on the sensation of exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity in healthy subjects |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8483295/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34591935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258104 |
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