Comparison of prognosis predictive value of 4 disease severity scoring systems in patients with acute respiratory failure in intensive care unit: A STROBE report

Various disease severity scoring systems were currently used in critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure, while their performances were not well investigated. The study aimed to investigate the difference in prognosis predictive value of 4 different disease severity scoring systems in patients with acute respiratory failure. With a retrospective cohort study design, adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory failure were screened and relevant data were extracted from an open-access American intensive care database to calculate the following disease severity scores on ICU admission: acute physiology score (APS) III, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA), quick SOFA (qSOFA), and Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS). Hospital mortality was chosen as the primary outcome. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the association of each scoring system with the outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to evaluate the prognosis predictive performance of each scoring system. A total of 4828 patients with acute respiratory failure were enrolled with a hospital mortality rate of 16.78%. APS III (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.03), SOFA (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.12–1.18), qSOFA (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11–1.42), and OASIS (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.08) were all significantly associated with hospital mortality after adjustment for age and comorbidities. Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed that APS III had the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.703, 95% CI 0.683–0.722), and SOFA and OASIS shared similar predictive performance (area under the curve 0.653 [95% CI 0.631–0.675] and 0.664 [95% CI 0.644–0.685], respectively), while qSOFA had the worst predictive performance for predicting hospital mortality (0.553, 95% CI 0.535–0.572). These results suggested the prognosis predictive value varied among the 4 different disease severity scores for patients admitted to ICU with acute respiratory failure.