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Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women
Isoflavones found in soy products are a promising class of nutrients that may have a positive effect on human health. In particular, the phytoestrogen metabolite equol is associated with a reduced risk of developing female hormone-related diseases. However, the effect of equol on estrogen remains un...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8484452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34593903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98872-2 |
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author | Fujitani, Tomoko Fujii, Yukiko Lyu, Zhaoqing Harada Sassa, Mariko Harada, Kouji H. |
author_facet | Fujitani, Tomoko Fujii, Yukiko Lyu, Zhaoqing Harada Sassa, Mariko Harada, Kouji H. |
author_sort | Fujitani, Tomoko |
collection | PubMed |
description | Isoflavones found in soy products are a promising class of nutrients that may have a positive effect on human health. In particular, the phytoestrogen metabolite equol is associated with a reduced risk of developing female hormone-related diseases. However, the effect of equol on estrogen remains unclear. Equol can modify blood and urinary estradiol (E2) levels. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the associations between urinary estrogen levels, equol levels, and equol production status in Japanese women. We analyzed urine samples from 520 women by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Urinary E2 and 4-hydroxylated E2 levels were higher in equol producers (EQP) than in non-EQPs (P < 0.0001 and P=0.00112, respectively). After adjusting for age and tobacco use by analysis of covariance, the association remained significant (β = 0.299, P < 0.0001). Analysis of covariance demonstrated that equol levels in urine were also positively associated with urinary E2 (β = 0.597, P < 0.0001). The log equol concentration showed a significant, but moderate, negative association with the serum E2 concentration (β = − 0.0225, P = 0.0462). Our findings suggest that equol may promote urinary E2 excretion and modify blood E2 levels in women. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8484452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84844522021-10-04 Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women Fujitani, Tomoko Fujii, Yukiko Lyu, Zhaoqing Harada Sassa, Mariko Harada, Kouji H. Sci Rep Article Isoflavones found in soy products are a promising class of nutrients that may have a positive effect on human health. In particular, the phytoestrogen metabolite equol is associated with a reduced risk of developing female hormone-related diseases. However, the effect of equol on estrogen remains unclear. Equol can modify blood and urinary estradiol (E2) levels. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the associations between urinary estrogen levels, equol levels, and equol production status in Japanese women. We analyzed urine samples from 520 women by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Urinary E2 and 4-hydroxylated E2 levels were higher in equol producers (EQP) than in non-EQPs (P < 0.0001 and P=0.00112, respectively). After adjusting for age and tobacco use by analysis of covariance, the association remained significant (β = 0.299, P < 0.0001). Analysis of covariance demonstrated that equol levels in urine were also positively associated with urinary E2 (β = 0.597, P < 0.0001). The log equol concentration showed a significant, but moderate, negative association with the serum E2 concentration (β = − 0.0225, P = 0.0462). Our findings suggest that equol may promote urinary E2 excretion and modify blood E2 levels in women. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8484452/ /pubmed/34593903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98872-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Fujitani, Tomoko Fujii, Yukiko Lyu, Zhaoqing Harada Sassa, Mariko Harada, Kouji H. Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title | Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title_full | Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title_fullStr | Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title_full_unstemmed | Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title_short | Urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
title_sort | urinary equol levels are positively associated with urinary estradiol excretion in women |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8484452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34593903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98872-2 |
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