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Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491
Ginsenoside Rh2 is considered as a new direction for future cancer treatment because of its excellent anticancer effect. However, due to its low bioavailability, it cannot exert its significant anticancer effect when applied directly to the human body. Chitosan (CS), a nanomaterial, has been verifie...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8486518/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34603449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6815713 |
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author | Wei, Wene Guo, Qijing Guo, Cuiping Cui, Xianshu Ma, Xuemei Shen, Xianliang Luo, Yushuang |
author_facet | Wei, Wene Guo, Qijing Guo, Cuiping Cui, Xianshu Ma, Xuemei Shen, Xianliang Luo, Yushuang |
author_sort | Wei, Wene |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ginsenoside Rh2 is considered as a new direction for future cancer treatment because of its excellent anticancer effect. However, due to its low bioavailability, it cannot exert its significant anticancer effect when applied directly to the human body. Chitosan (CS), a nanomaterial, has been verified to be able to enhance drug efficacy via its coating for drugs. Thus, we designed this study to investigate the impact of CS-coated ginsenoside Rh2 on the metastasis and growth of colon cancer (CC). First, ginsenoside Rh2 chitosan tripolyphosphate (CS-Rh2-TPP) nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed, and MTT, transwell, scratch adhesion, and flow cytometry assays were carried out for determining the impact of CS-Rh2-TPP at various concentrations on growth, metastasis, and apoptosis of colon cancer cells (CCCs). qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of mircoRNA-491 (miR-491) in CCCs. According to TEM-based image analysis, CS-Rh2-TPP NPs were spherical or spheroidal in even distribution, with a particle size of about 220 mm and a zeta potential of −44.58 ± 2.84 mV. Additionally, CCCs presented lower miR-491 than normal colon cells, and its relative expression in CCCs showed a stronger increase after intervention of CS-Rh2-TPP than that after intervention of ginsenoside Rh2. Moreover, CS-Rh2-TPP suppressed the activity, invasion, as well as migration of CCCs and accelerated their apoptosis more significantly than ginsenoside Rh2. According to these results, CS-Rh2-TPP is able to upregulate miR-491 in CCCs, thus suppressing the metastasis and growth of CC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8486518 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84865182021-10-02 Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 Wei, Wene Guo, Qijing Guo, Cuiping Cui, Xianshu Ma, Xuemei Shen, Xianliang Luo, Yushuang J Oncol Research Article Ginsenoside Rh2 is considered as a new direction for future cancer treatment because of its excellent anticancer effect. However, due to its low bioavailability, it cannot exert its significant anticancer effect when applied directly to the human body. Chitosan (CS), a nanomaterial, has been verified to be able to enhance drug efficacy via its coating for drugs. Thus, we designed this study to investigate the impact of CS-coated ginsenoside Rh2 on the metastasis and growth of colon cancer (CC). First, ginsenoside Rh2 chitosan tripolyphosphate (CS-Rh2-TPP) nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed, and MTT, transwell, scratch adhesion, and flow cytometry assays were carried out for determining the impact of CS-Rh2-TPP at various concentrations on growth, metastasis, and apoptosis of colon cancer cells (CCCs). qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of mircoRNA-491 (miR-491) in CCCs. According to TEM-based image analysis, CS-Rh2-TPP NPs were spherical or spheroidal in even distribution, with a particle size of about 220 mm and a zeta potential of −44.58 ± 2.84 mV. Additionally, CCCs presented lower miR-491 than normal colon cells, and its relative expression in CCCs showed a stronger increase after intervention of CS-Rh2-TPP than that after intervention of ginsenoside Rh2. Moreover, CS-Rh2-TPP suppressed the activity, invasion, as well as migration of CCCs and accelerated their apoptosis more significantly than ginsenoside Rh2. According to these results, CS-Rh2-TPP is able to upregulate miR-491 in CCCs, thus suppressing the metastasis and growth of CC. Hindawi 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8486518/ /pubmed/34603449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6815713 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wene Wei et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wei, Wene Guo, Qijing Guo, Cuiping Cui, Xianshu Ma, Xuemei Shen, Xianliang Luo, Yushuang Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title | Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title_full | Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title_fullStr | Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title_full_unstemmed | Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title_short | Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Metastasis and Growth of Colon Cancer via miR-491 |
title_sort | ginsenoside rh2 suppresses metastasis and growth of colon cancer via mir-491 |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8486518/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34603449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6815713 |
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