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Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon

INTRODUCTION: Extranodal lymphomas are commonly encountered in the gastrointestinal tract but lymphomas of colon and rectum are rare. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common type of colonic lymphoma and represents less than 0.5% of colorectal neoplasms. Chemotherapeutical agents are gateway to disea...

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Autores principales: Erginoz, Ergin, Askar, Ahmet, Cavus, Gokce Hande, Velidedeoglu, Mehmet
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8488484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34600235
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106454
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author Erginoz, Ergin
Askar, Ahmet
Cavus, Gokce Hande
Velidedeoglu, Mehmet
author_facet Erginoz, Ergin
Askar, Ahmet
Cavus, Gokce Hande
Velidedeoglu, Mehmet
author_sort Erginoz, Ergin
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Extranodal lymphomas are commonly encountered in the gastrointestinal tract but lymphomas of colon and rectum are rare. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common type of colonic lymphoma and represents less than 0.5% of colorectal neoplasms. Chemotherapeutical agents are gateway to disease remission and sometimes cure in most patients but surgery may be necessary in emergent situations. CASE PRESENTATION: A 77-year-old male patient presented with abdominal discomfort, constipation, and obstructive defecation symptoms. Radiological imaging revealed a mass in the sigmoid colon extending towards the rectum. Colonoscopy was performed and biopsy of a nearly 10 cm ulcerovegetative lesion was obtained. Histological examination following biopsy revealed it to be a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon. There was no indication for surgery and the patient was referred to medical oncology clinic for chemotherapy treatment. DISCUSSION: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a lymphoproliferative disorder with the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) being the most common subtype. The DLBCL subtype is rarely observed in the colon and rectum. Chromosomal abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology and gene rearrangements lead to adjustments in lymphocyte function and differentiation. CONCLUSION: In this case report, we present a rare presentation of a Non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting in the sigmoid colon. The disease can present with nonspecific symptoms and various imaging modalities along with histopathological evaluation is necessary for the correct subtyping of lymphoma. Chemoradiotherapy is key for treatment, and surgery is usually reserved for cases of obstruction, perforation, or bleeding.
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spelling pubmed-84884842021-10-08 Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon Erginoz, Ergin Askar, Ahmet Cavus, Gokce Hande Velidedeoglu, Mehmet Int J Surg Case Rep Case Report INTRODUCTION: Extranodal lymphomas are commonly encountered in the gastrointestinal tract but lymphomas of colon and rectum are rare. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common type of colonic lymphoma and represents less than 0.5% of colorectal neoplasms. Chemotherapeutical agents are gateway to disease remission and sometimes cure in most patients but surgery may be necessary in emergent situations. CASE PRESENTATION: A 77-year-old male patient presented with abdominal discomfort, constipation, and obstructive defecation symptoms. Radiological imaging revealed a mass in the sigmoid colon extending towards the rectum. Colonoscopy was performed and biopsy of a nearly 10 cm ulcerovegetative lesion was obtained. Histological examination following biopsy revealed it to be a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon. There was no indication for surgery and the patient was referred to medical oncology clinic for chemotherapy treatment. DISCUSSION: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a lymphoproliferative disorder with the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) being the most common subtype. The DLBCL subtype is rarely observed in the colon and rectum. Chromosomal abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology and gene rearrangements lead to adjustments in lymphocyte function and differentiation. CONCLUSION: In this case report, we present a rare presentation of a Non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting in the sigmoid colon. The disease can present with nonspecific symptoms and various imaging modalities along with histopathological evaluation is necessary for the correct subtyping of lymphoma. Chemoradiotherapy is key for treatment, and surgery is usually reserved for cases of obstruction, perforation, or bleeding. Elsevier 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8488484/ /pubmed/34600235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106454 Text en © 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Erginoz, Ergin
Askar, Ahmet
Cavus, Gokce Hande
Velidedeoglu, Mehmet
Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title_full Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title_fullStr Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title_full_unstemmed Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title_short Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
title_sort primary diffuse large b-cell lymphoma of the sigmoid colon
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8488484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34600235
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106454
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