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The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization
Fertilization is the fundamental process that initiates the development of a new individual in all sexually reproducing species. Despite its importance, our understanding of the molecular players that govern mammalian sperm–egg interaction is incomplete, partly because many of the essential factors...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8488580/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34556579 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2108777118 |
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author | Fujihara, Yoshitaka Herberg, Sarah Blaha, Andreas Panser, Karin Kobayashi, Kiyonori Larasati, Tamara Novatchkova, Maria Theussl, Hans-Christian Olszanska, Olga Ikawa, Masahito Pauli, Andrea |
author_facet | Fujihara, Yoshitaka Herberg, Sarah Blaha, Andreas Panser, Karin Kobayashi, Kiyonori Larasati, Tamara Novatchkova, Maria Theussl, Hans-Christian Olszanska, Olga Ikawa, Masahito Pauli, Andrea |
author_sort | Fujihara, Yoshitaka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fertilization is the fundamental process that initiates the development of a new individual in all sexually reproducing species. Despite its importance, our understanding of the molecular players that govern mammalian sperm–egg interaction is incomplete, partly because many of the essential factors found in nonmammalian species do not have obvious mammalian homologs. We have recently identified the lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6)/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) protein Bouncer as an essential fertilization factor in zebrafish [S. Herberg, K. R. Gert, A. Schleiffer, A. Pauli, Science 361, 1029–1033 (2018)]. Here, we show that Bouncer’s homolog in mammals, Sperm Acrosome Associated 4 (SPACA4), is also required for efficient fertilization in mice. In contrast to fish, in which Bouncer is expressed specifically in the egg, SPACA4 is expressed exclusively in the sperm. Male knockout mice are severely subfertile, and sperm lacking SPACA4 fail to fertilize wild-type eggs in vitro. Interestingly, removal of the zona pellucida rescues the fertilization defect of Spaca4-deficient sperm in vitro, indicating that SPACA4 is not required for the interaction of sperm and the oolemma but rather of sperm and the zona pellucida. Our work identifies SPACA4 as an important sperm protein necessary for zona pellucida penetration during mammalian fertilization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8488580 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84885802021-10-25 The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization Fujihara, Yoshitaka Herberg, Sarah Blaha, Andreas Panser, Karin Kobayashi, Kiyonori Larasati, Tamara Novatchkova, Maria Theussl, Hans-Christian Olszanska, Olga Ikawa, Masahito Pauli, Andrea Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Fertilization is the fundamental process that initiates the development of a new individual in all sexually reproducing species. Despite its importance, our understanding of the molecular players that govern mammalian sperm–egg interaction is incomplete, partly because many of the essential factors found in nonmammalian species do not have obvious mammalian homologs. We have recently identified the lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6)/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) protein Bouncer as an essential fertilization factor in zebrafish [S. Herberg, K. R. Gert, A. Schleiffer, A. Pauli, Science 361, 1029–1033 (2018)]. Here, we show that Bouncer’s homolog in mammals, Sperm Acrosome Associated 4 (SPACA4), is also required for efficient fertilization in mice. In contrast to fish, in which Bouncer is expressed specifically in the egg, SPACA4 is expressed exclusively in the sperm. Male knockout mice are severely subfertile, and sperm lacking SPACA4 fail to fertilize wild-type eggs in vitro. Interestingly, removal of the zona pellucida rescues the fertilization defect of Spaca4-deficient sperm in vitro, indicating that SPACA4 is not required for the interaction of sperm and the oolemma but rather of sperm and the zona pellucida. Our work identifies SPACA4 as an important sperm protein necessary for zona pellucida penetration during mammalian fertilization. National Academy of Sciences 2021-09-28 2021-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8488580/ /pubmed/34556579 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2108777118 Text en Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Fujihara, Yoshitaka Herberg, Sarah Blaha, Andreas Panser, Karin Kobayashi, Kiyonori Larasati, Tamara Novatchkova, Maria Theussl, Hans-Christian Olszanska, Olga Ikawa, Masahito Pauli, Andrea The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title | The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title_full | The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title_fullStr | The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title_full_unstemmed | The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title_short | The conserved fertility factor SPACA4/Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
title_sort | conserved fertility factor spaca4/bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8488580/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34556579 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2108777118 |
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