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Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives

Glucosinolates, synthesized by the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway, are the secondary metabolites used as a defence mechanism in the Brassicaceae plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana. The first committed step in the pathway, catalysed by methylthioalkylmalate (MAM) synthase (EC: 2.3.3.17), is t...

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Autor principal: Das, Bidyadhar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8490860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34545928
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20211634
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author Das, Bidyadhar
author_facet Das, Bidyadhar
author_sort Das, Bidyadhar
collection PubMed
description Glucosinolates, synthesized by the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway, are the secondary metabolites used as a defence mechanism in the Brassicaceae plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana. The first committed step in the pathway, catalysed by methylthioalkylmalate (MAM) synthase (EC: 2.3.3.17), is to produce different variants of glucosinolates. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that possibly MAM synthases have been evolved from isopropylmalate synthase (IPMS) by the substitutions of five amino acid residues (L143I, H167L, S216G, N250G and P252G) in the active site of IPMS due to point mutations. Considering the importance of MAM synthase in Brassicaceae plants, Petersen et al. (2019) made an effort to characterise the MAM synthase (15 MAM1 variants) in vitro by single substitution or double substitutions. In their study, the authors have expressed the variants in Escherichia coli and analysed the amino acids in the cultures of E. coli in vivo. Since modifying the MAM synthases by transgenic approaches could increase the resistance of Brassicaceae plants for enhancing the defence effect of glucosinolates and their degraded products; hence, MAM synthases should be characterized in detail in vivo in A. thaliana along with the structural analysis of the enzyme for meaningful impact and for its imminent use in vivo.
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spelling pubmed-84908602021-10-08 Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives Das, Bidyadhar Biosci Rep Bioinformatics Glucosinolates, synthesized by the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway, are the secondary metabolites used as a defence mechanism in the Brassicaceae plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana. The first committed step in the pathway, catalysed by methylthioalkylmalate (MAM) synthase (EC: 2.3.3.17), is to produce different variants of glucosinolates. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that possibly MAM synthases have been evolved from isopropylmalate synthase (IPMS) by the substitutions of five amino acid residues (L143I, H167L, S216G, N250G and P252G) in the active site of IPMS due to point mutations. Considering the importance of MAM synthase in Brassicaceae plants, Petersen et al. (2019) made an effort to characterise the MAM synthase (15 MAM1 variants) in vitro by single substitution or double substitutions. In their study, the authors have expressed the variants in Escherichia coli and analysed the amino acids in the cultures of E. coli in vivo. Since modifying the MAM synthases by transgenic approaches could increase the resistance of Brassicaceae plants for enhancing the defence effect of glucosinolates and their degraded products; hence, MAM synthases should be characterized in detail in vivo in A. thaliana along with the structural analysis of the enzyme for meaningful impact and for its imminent use in vivo. Portland Press Ltd. 2021-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8490860/ /pubmed/34545928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20211634 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Bioinformatics
Das, Bidyadhar
Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title_full Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title_fullStr Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title_short Glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of MAM synthase and its perspectives
title_sort glucosinolate biosynthesis: role of mam synthase and its perspectives
topic Bioinformatics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8490860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34545928
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20211634
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