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Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization

Although nuclei are the defining features of eukaryotes, we still do not fully understand how the nuclear compartment is duplicated and partitioned during division. This is especially the case for organisms that do not completely disassemble their nuclear envelope upon entry into mitosis. In studyin...

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Autores principales: Roubinet, Chantal, White, Ian J., Baum, Buzz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cell Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34297912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.063
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author Roubinet, Chantal
White, Ian J.
Baum, Buzz
author_facet Roubinet, Chantal
White, Ian J.
Baum, Buzz
author_sort Roubinet, Chantal
collection PubMed
description Although nuclei are the defining features of eukaryotes, we still do not fully understand how the nuclear compartment is duplicated and partitioned during division. This is especially the case for organisms that do not completely disassemble their nuclear envelope upon entry into mitosis. In studying this process in Drosophila neural stem cells, which undergo asymmetric divisions, we find that the nuclear compartment boundary persists during mitosis thanks to the maintenance of a supporting nuclear lamina. This mitotic nuclear envelope is then asymmetrically remodeled and partitioned to give rise to two daughter nuclei that differ in envelope composition and exhibit a >30-fold difference in volume. The striking difference in nuclear size was found to depend on two consecutive processes: asymmetric nuclear envelope resealing at mitotic exit at sites defined by the central spindle, and differential nuclear growth that appears to depend on the available local reservoir of ER/nuclear membranes, which is asymmetrically partitioned between the two daughter cells. Importantly, these asymmetries in size and composition of the daughter nuclei, and the associated asymmetries in chromatin organization, all become apparent long before the cortical release and the nuclear import of cell fates determinants. Thus, asymmetric nuclear remodeling during stem cell divisions may contribute to the generation of cellular diversity by initiating distinct transcriptional programs in sibling nuclei that contribute to later changes in daughter cell identity and fate.
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spelling pubmed-84916572021-10-08 Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization Roubinet, Chantal White, Ian J. Baum, Buzz Curr Biol Article Although nuclei are the defining features of eukaryotes, we still do not fully understand how the nuclear compartment is duplicated and partitioned during division. This is especially the case for organisms that do not completely disassemble their nuclear envelope upon entry into mitosis. In studying this process in Drosophila neural stem cells, which undergo asymmetric divisions, we find that the nuclear compartment boundary persists during mitosis thanks to the maintenance of a supporting nuclear lamina. This mitotic nuclear envelope is then asymmetrically remodeled and partitioned to give rise to two daughter nuclei that differ in envelope composition and exhibit a >30-fold difference in volume. The striking difference in nuclear size was found to depend on two consecutive processes: asymmetric nuclear envelope resealing at mitotic exit at sites defined by the central spindle, and differential nuclear growth that appears to depend on the available local reservoir of ER/nuclear membranes, which is asymmetrically partitioned between the two daughter cells. Importantly, these asymmetries in size and composition of the daughter nuclei, and the associated asymmetries in chromatin organization, all become apparent long before the cortical release and the nuclear import of cell fates determinants. Thus, asymmetric nuclear remodeling during stem cell divisions may contribute to the generation of cellular diversity by initiating distinct transcriptional programs in sibling nuclei that contribute to later changes in daughter cell identity and fate. Cell Press 2021-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8491657/ /pubmed/34297912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.063 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Roubinet, Chantal
White, Ian J.
Baum, Buzz
Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title_full Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title_fullStr Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title_full_unstemmed Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title_short Asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
title_sort asymmetric nuclear division in neural stem cells generates sibling nuclei that differ in size, envelope composition, and chromatin organization
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34297912
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.063
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