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Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice

Traditional pathology approaches have played an integral role in the delivery of diagnosis, semi-quantitative or qualitative assessment of protein expression, and classification of disease. Technological advances and the increased focus on precision medicine have recently paved the way for the devel...

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Autores principales: Baxi, Vipul, Edwards, Robin, Montalto, Michael, Saha, Saurabh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group US 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34611303
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41379-021-00919-2
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author Baxi, Vipul
Edwards, Robin
Montalto, Michael
Saha, Saurabh
author_facet Baxi, Vipul
Edwards, Robin
Montalto, Michael
Saha, Saurabh
author_sort Baxi, Vipul
collection PubMed
description Traditional pathology approaches have played an integral role in the delivery of diagnosis, semi-quantitative or qualitative assessment of protein expression, and classification of disease. Technological advances and the increased focus on precision medicine have recently paved the way for the development of digital pathology-based approaches for quantitative pathologic assessments, namely whole slide imaging and artificial intelligence (AI)–based solutions, allowing us to explore and extract information beyond human visual perception. Within the field of immuno-oncology, the application of such methodologies in drug development and translational research have created invaluable opportunities for deciphering complex pathophysiology and the discovery of novel biomarkers and drug targets. With an increasing number of treatment options available for any given disease, practitioners face the growing challenge of selecting the most appropriate treatment for each patient. The ever-increasing utilization of AI-based approaches substantially expands our understanding of the tumor microenvironment, with digital approaches to patient stratification and selection for diagnostic assays supporting the identification of the optimal treatment regimen based on patient profiles. This review provides an overview of the opportunities and limitations around implementing AI-based methods in biomarker discovery and patient selection and discusses how advances in digital pathology and AI should be considered in the current landscape of translational medicine, touching on challenges this technology may face if adopted in clinical settings. The traditional role of pathologists in delivering accurate diagnoses or assessing biomarkers for companion diagnostics may be enhanced in precision, reproducibility, and scale by AI-powered analysis tools.
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spelling pubmed-84917592021-10-06 Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice Baxi, Vipul Edwards, Robin Montalto, Michael Saha, Saurabh Mod Pathol Review Article Traditional pathology approaches have played an integral role in the delivery of diagnosis, semi-quantitative or qualitative assessment of protein expression, and classification of disease. Technological advances and the increased focus on precision medicine have recently paved the way for the development of digital pathology-based approaches for quantitative pathologic assessments, namely whole slide imaging and artificial intelligence (AI)–based solutions, allowing us to explore and extract information beyond human visual perception. Within the field of immuno-oncology, the application of such methodologies in drug development and translational research have created invaluable opportunities for deciphering complex pathophysiology and the discovery of novel biomarkers and drug targets. With an increasing number of treatment options available for any given disease, practitioners face the growing challenge of selecting the most appropriate treatment for each patient. The ever-increasing utilization of AI-based approaches substantially expands our understanding of the tumor microenvironment, with digital approaches to patient stratification and selection for diagnostic assays supporting the identification of the optimal treatment regimen based on patient profiles. This review provides an overview of the opportunities and limitations around implementing AI-based methods in biomarker discovery and patient selection and discusses how advances in digital pathology and AI should be considered in the current landscape of translational medicine, touching on challenges this technology may face if adopted in clinical settings. The traditional role of pathologists in delivering accurate diagnoses or assessing biomarkers for companion diagnostics may be enhanced in precision, reproducibility, and scale by AI-powered analysis tools. Nature Publishing Group US 2021-10-05 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8491759/ /pubmed/34611303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41379-021-00919-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article
Baxi, Vipul
Edwards, Robin
Montalto, Michael
Saha, Saurabh
Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title_full Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title_fullStr Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title_full_unstemmed Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title_short Digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
title_sort digital pathology and artificial intelligence in translational medicine and clinical practice
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34611303
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41379-021-00919-2
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