Cargando…
Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review
Treatment of cartilage defects such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteochondral defect (OCD) remains a huge clinical challenge in orthopedics. OA is one of the most common chronic health conditions and is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, shown in the limited capacity for...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34621125 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S327059 |
_version_ | 1784578797603913728 |
---|---|
author | Ng, Chiew Yong Chai, Jia Ying Foo, Jhi Biau Mohamad Yahaya, Nor Hamdan Yang, Ying Ng, Min Hwei Law, Jia Xian |
author_facet | Ng, Chiew Yong Chai, Jia Ying Foo, Jhi Biau Mohamad Yahaya, Nor Hamdan Yang, Ying Ng, Min Hwei Law, Jia Xian |
author_sort | Ng, Chiew Yong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Treatment of cartilage defects such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteochondral defect (OCD) remains a huge clinical challenge in orthopedics. OA is one of the most common chronic health conditions and is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, shown in the limited capacity for intrinsic repair. OCD refers to the focal defects affecting cartilage and the underlying bone. The current OA and OCD management modalities focus on symptom control and on improving joint functionality and the patient’s quality of life. Cell-based therapy has been evaluated for managing OA and OCD, and its chondroprotective efficacy is recognized mainly through paracrine action. Hence, there is growing interest in exploiting extracellular vesicles to induce cartilage regeneration. In this review, we explore the in vivo evidence of exosomes on cartilage regeneration. A total of 29 in vivo studies from the PubMed and Scopus databases were identified and analyzed. The studies reported promising results in terms of in vivo exosome delivery and uptake; improved cartilage morphological, histological, and biochemical outcomes; enhanced subchondral bone regeneration; and improved pain behavior following exosome treatment. In addition, exosome therapy is safe, as the included studies documented no significant complications. Modifying exosomal cargos further increased the cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration capacity of exosomes. We conclude that exosome administration is a potent cell-free therapy for alleviating OA and OCD. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of exosomes and to identify the standard protocol for exosome-based therapy in OA and OCD management. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8491788 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84917882021-10-06 Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review Ng, Chiew Yong Chai, Jia Ying Foo, Jhi Biau Mohamad Yahaya, Nor Hamdan Yang, Ying Ng, Min Hwei Law, Jia Xian Int J Nanomedicine Review Treatment of cartilage defects such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteochondral defect (OCD) remains a huge clinical challenge in orthopedics. OA is one of the most common chronic health conditions and is mainly characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, shown in the limited capacity for intrinsic repair. OCD refers to the focal defects affecting cartilage and the underlying bone. The current OA and OCD management modalities focus on symptom control and on improving joint functionality and the patient’s quality of life. Cell-based therapy has been evaluated for managing OA and OCD, and its chondroprotective efficacy is recognized mainly through paracrine action. Hence, there is growing interest in exploiting extracellular vesicles to induce cartilage regeneration. In this review, we explore the in vivo evidence of exosomes on cartilage regeneration. A total of 29 in vivo studies from the PubMed and Scopus databases were identified and analyzed. The studies reported promising results in terms of in vivo exosome delivery and uptake; improved cartilage morphological, histological, and biochemical outcomes; enhanced subchondral bone regeneration; and improved pain behavior following exosome treatment. In addition, exosome therapy is safe, as the included studies documented no significant complications. Modifying exosomal cargos further increased the cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration capacity of exosomes. We conclude that exosome administration is a potent cell-free therapy for alleviating OA and OCD. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of exosomes and to identify the standard protocol for exosome-based therapy in OA and OCD management. Dove 2021-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8491788/ /pubmed/34621125 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S327059 Text en © 2021 Ng et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Ng, Chiew Yong Chai, Jia Ying Foo, Jhi Biau Mohamad Yahaya, Nor Hamdan Yang, Ying Ng, Min Hwei Law, Jia Xian Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title | Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title_full | Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title_fullStr | Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title_short | Potential of Exosomes as Cell-Free Therapy in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review |
title_sort | potential of exosomes as cell-free therapy in articular cartilage regeneration: a review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8491788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34621125 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S327059 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ngchiewyong potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT chaijiaying potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT foojhibiau potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT mohamadyahayanorhamdan potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT yangying potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT ngminhwei potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview AT lawjiaxian potentialofexosomesascellfreetherapyinarticularcartilageregenerationareview |