Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab in Management of Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease and causes inflammation and ulcer of the colon. Vedolizumab is a newer biological agent with an inhibitory effect on α4β7 integrin approved for moderate to severe UC patients. Our study reviewed the clinical response, clinical remission, and mucosal healing of vedolizumab in moderate to severe UC management. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, and nine studies were included in the systematic review. At week six, vedolizumab showed a significant clinical response. At week 52, vedolizumab showed significant mucosal healing and clinical remission. The most commonly associated adverse effects are nasopharyngitis, oropharyngeal infection, and gastrointestinal infection. However, additional clinical trials and observational studies with longer follow-ups are required to study the efficacy and safety of the drug.