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The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

Research has demonstrated a possible relation between patients’ preoperative lifestyle and postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess associations between modifiable preoperative lifestyle factors and postoperative complications in patients undergoing elective surgery for col...

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Autores principales: Loogman, Lisanne, de Nes, Lindsey C.F., Heil, Thea C., Kok, Dieuwertje E.G., Winkels, Renate M., Kampman, Ellen, de Wilt, Johannes H.W., van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8492187/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000001976
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author Loogman, Lisanne
de Nes, Lindsey C.F.
Heil, Thea C.
Kok, Dieuwertje E.G.
Winkels, Renate M.
Kampman, Ellen
de Wilt, Johannes H.W.
van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.
author_facet Loogman, Lisanne
de Nes, Lindsey C.F.
Heil, Thea C.
Kok, Dieuwertje E.G.
Winkels, Renate M.
Kampman, Ellen
de Wilt, Johannes H.W.
van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.
author_sort Loogman, Lisanne
collection PubMed
description Research has demonstrated a possible relation between patients’ preoperative lifestyle and postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess associations between modifiable preoperative lifestyle factors and postoperative complications in patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer. DESIGN: This is a retrospective study of a prospectively maintained database. SETTING: At diagnosis, data on smoking habits, alcohol consumption, BMI, and physical activity were collected by using questionnaires. Postoperative data were gathered from the nationwide database of the Dutch ColoRectal Audit. PATIENTS: Patients (n = 1564) with newly diagnosed stage I to IV colorectal cancer from 11 Dutch hospitals were included in a prospective observational cohort study (COLON) between 2010 and 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify which preoperative lifestyle factors were associated with postoperative complications. RESULTS: Postoperative complications occurred in 28.5%, resulting in a substantially prolonged hospital stay (12 vs 5 days, p < 0.001). Independently associated with higher postoperative complication rates were ASA class II (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.05–2.04; p = 0.03) and III to IV (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.96–5.12; p < 0.001), current smoking (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.02–2.56; p = 0.04), and rectal tumors (OR, 1.81; 95%CI, 1.28–2.55; p = 0.001). Body mass index, alcohol consumption, and physical activity did not show an association with postoperative complications. However, in a subgroup analysis of 200 patients with ASA III to IV, preoperative high physical activity was associated with fewer postoperative complications (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03–0.87; p = 0.04). LIMITATIONS: Compared with most studied colorectal cancer populations, this study describes a relatively healthy study population with 87.2% of the included patients classified as ASA I to II. CONCLUSIONS: Modifiable lifestyle factors such as current smoking and physical activity are associated with postoperative complications after colorectal cancer surgery. Current smoking is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications in the overall study population, whereas preoperative high physical activity is only associated with a reduced risk of postoperative complications in patients with ASA III to IV. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B632. LA ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE FACTORES MODIFICABLES DEL ESTILO DE VIDA Y COMPLICACIONES POSOPERATORIAS EN CIRUGÍA ELECTIVA EN PACIENTES CON CÁNCER COLORECTAL: ANTECEDENTES: Estudios han demostrado una posible relación entre el estilo de vida preoperatorio de los pacientes y las complicaciones posoperatorias. OBJETIVO: Evaluar las asociaciones entre los factores de estilo de vida preoperatorios modificables y las complicaciones posoperatorias en pacientes llevados a cirugía electiva por cáncer colorrectal. DISEÑO: Estudio retrospectivo de una base de datos continua de forma prospectiva. ESCENARIO: En el momento del diagnóstico se recopilaron mediante cuestionarios datos sobre tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol, el IMC y la actividad física. Los datos posoperatorios se obtuvieron de la base de datos nacional de la Auditoría Colorectal Holandesa. PACIENTES: Se incluyeron pacientes (n = 1564) de once hospitales holandeses con cáncer colorrectal en estadio I-IV recién diagnosticado incluidos en un estudio de cohorte observacional prospectivo (COLON) entre 2010 y 2018. PRINCIPALES VARIABLES ANALIZADAS: Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística multivariable para identificar qué factores de estilo de vida preoperatorios y se asociaron con complicaciones posoperatorias. RESULTADOS: Las complicaciones posoperatorias se presentaron en el 28,5%, lo que resultó en una estancia hospitalaria considerablemente mayor (12 contra 5 días, p <0,001). De manera independiente se asociaron con mayores tasas de complicaciones posoperatorias la clasificación ASA II (OR 1,46; 95% IC 1,05-2,04, p = 0,03) y III-IV (OR 3,17; 95% IC 1,96-5,12, p <0,001), tabaquismo presente (OR 1,62; IC 95% 1,02-2,56, p = 0,04) y tumores rectales (OR 1,81; IC 95% 1,28-2,55, p = 0,001). El IMC, el consumo de alcohol y la actividad física no mostraron asociación con complicaciones posoperatorias. Sin embargo, en un análisis de subgrupos de 200 pacientes ASA III-IV, la actividad física íntensa preoperatoria se asoció con menos complicaciones posoperatorias (OR 0,17; IC del 95%: 0,03-0,87, p = 0,04). LIMITACIONES: En comparación con las poblaciones de cáncer colorrectal más estudiadas, este estudio incluyó una población relativamente sana con el 87,2% de los pacientes incluidos clasificados como ASA I-II. CONCLUSIONES: Los factores modificables del estilo de vida, como son el encontrarse fumando y la actividad física, se asocian con complicaciones posoperatorias después de la cirugía de cáncer colorrectal. El encontrarse fumando se asocia con un mayor riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias en la población general del estudio, mientras que la actividad física íntensa preoperatoria se asocia con un menor riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias únicamente en pacientes ASA III-IV. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B632.
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spelling pubmed-84921872021-10-13 The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Loogman, Lisanne de Nes, Lindsey C.F. Heil, Thea C. Kok, Dieuwertje E.G. Winkels, Renate M. Kampman, Ellen de Wilt, Johannes H.W. van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B. Dis Colon Rectum Original Contributions Research has demonstrated a possible relation between patients’ preoperative lifestyle and postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess associations between modifiable preoperative lifestyle factors and postoperative complications in patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer. DESIGN: This is a retrospective study of a prospectively maintained database. SETTING: At diagnosis, data on smoking habits, alcohol consumption, BMI, and physical activity were collected by using questionnaires. Postoperative data were gathered from the nationwide database of the Dutch ColoRectal Audit. PATIENTS: Patients (n = 1564) with newly diagnosed stage I to IV colorectal cancer from 11 Dutch hospitals were included in a prospective observational cohort study (COLON) between 2010 and 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify which preoperative lifestyle factors were associated with postoperative complications. RESULTS: Postoperative complications occurred in 28.5%, resulting in a substantially prolonged hospital stay (12 vs 5 days, p < 0.001). Independently associated with higher postoperative complication rates were ASA class II (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.05–2.04; p = 0.03) and III to IV (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.96–5.12; p < 0.001), current smoking (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.02–2.56; p = 0.04), and rectal tumors (OR, 1.81; 95%CI, 1.28–2.55; p = 0.001). Body mass index, alcohol consumption, and physical activity did not show an association with postoperative complications. However, in a subgroup analysis of 200 patients with ASA III to IV, preoperative high physical activity was associated with fewer postoperative complications (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03–0.87; p = 0.04). LIMITATIONS: Compared with most studied colorectal cancer populations, this study describes a relatively healthy study population with 87.2% of the included patients classified as ASA I to II. CONCLUSIONS: Modifiable lifestyle factors such as current smoking and physical activity are associated with postoperative complications after colorectal cancer surgery. Current smoking is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications in the overall study population, whereas preoperative high physical activity is only associated with a reduced risk of postoperative complications in patients with ASA III to IV. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B632. LA ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE FACTORES MODIFICABLES DEL ESTILO DE VIDA Y COMPLICACIONES POSOPERATORIAS EN CIRUGÍA ELECTIVA EN PACIENTES CON CÁNCER COLORECTAL: ANTECEDENTES: Estudios han demostrado una posible relación entre el estilo de vida preoperatorio de los pacientes y las complicaciones posoperatorias. OBJETIVO: Evaluar las asociaciones entre los factores de estilo de vida preoperatorios modificables y las complicaciones posoperatorias en pacientes llevados a cirugía electiva por cáncer colorrectal. DISEÑO: Estudio retrospectivo de una base de datos continua de forma prospectiva. ESCENARIO: En el momento del diagnóstico se recopilaron mediante cuestionarios datos sobre tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol, el IMC y la actividad física. Los datos posoperatorios se obtuvieron de la base de datos nacional de la Auditoría Colorectal Holandesa. PACIENTES: Se incluyeron pacientes (n = 1564) de once hospitales holandeses con cáncer colorrectal en estadio I-IV recién diagnosticado incluidos en un estudio de cohorte observacional prospectivo (COLON) entre 2010 y 2018. PRINCIPALES VARIABLES ANALIZADAS: Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística multivariable para identificar qué factores de estilo de vida preoperatorios y se asociaron con complicaciones posoperatorias. RESULTADOS: Las complicaciones posoperatorias se presentaron en el 28,5%, lo que resultó en una estancia hospitalaria considerablemente mayor (12 contra 5 días, p <0,001). De manera independiente se asociaron con mayores tasas de complicaciones posoperatorias la clasificación ASA II (OR 1,46; 95% IC 1,05-2,04, p = 0,03) y III-IV (OR 3,17; 95% IC 1,96-5,12, p <0,001), tabaquismo presente (OR 1,62; IC 95% 1,02-2,56, p = 0,04) y tumores rectales (OR 1,81; IC 95% 1,28-2,55, p = 0,001). El IMC, el consumo de alcohol y la actividad física no mostraron asociación con complicaciones posoperatorias. Sin embargo, en un análisis de subgrupos de 200 pacientes ASA III-IV, la actividad física íntensa preoperatoria se asoció con menos complicaciones posoperatorias (OR 0,17; IC del 95%: 0,03-0,87, p = 0,04). LIMITACIONES: En comparación con las poblaciones de cáncer colorrectal más estudiadas, este estudio incluyó una población relativamente sana con el 87,2% de los pacientes incluidos clasificados como ASA I-II. CONCLUSIONES: Los factores modificables del estilo de vida, como son el encontrarse fumando y la actividad física, se asocian con complicaciones posoperatorias después de la cirugía de cáncer colorrectal. El encontrarse fumando se asocia con un mayor riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias en la población general del estudio, mientras que la actividad física íntensa preoperatoria se asocia con un menor riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias únicamente en pacientes ASA III-IV. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B632. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2021-06-01 2021-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8492187/ /pubmed/34082436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000001976 Text en Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Original Contributions
Loogman, Lisanne
de Nes, Lindsey C.F.
Heil, Thea C.
Kok, Dieuwertje E.G.
Winkels, Renate M.
Kampman, Ellen
de Wilt, Johannes H.W.
van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J.B.
The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title_full The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title_fullStr The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title_full_unstemmed The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title_short The Association Between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Postoperative Complications of Elective Surgery in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
title_sort association between modifiable lifestyle factors and postoperative complications of elective surgery in patients with colorectal cancer
topic Original Contributions
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8492187/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34082436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000001976
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