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Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals

The gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of microbial species, collectively termed the microbiota, which establish a symbiotic relationship with the host. Decades of research have emphasized the necessity of microbial signals in the development, maturation, and function of host physiology. Howev...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Eshleman, Emily M., Alenghat, Theresa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8492766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33824498
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00124-w
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author Eshleman, Emily M.
Alenghat, Theresa
author_facet Eshleman, Emily M.
Alenghat, Theresa
author_sort Eshleman, Emily M.
collection PubMed
description The gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of microbial species, collectively termed the microbiota, which establish a symbiotic relationship with the host. Decades of research have emphasized the necessity of microbial signals in the development, maturation, and function of host physiology. However, changes in the composition or containment of the microbiota have been linked to the development of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are in constant contact with the microbiota and are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Signals from the microbiota are directly sensed by IECs and influence intestinal health by calibrating immune cell responses and fortifying intestinal barrier function. IECs detect commensal microbes through engagement of common pattern recognition receptors or by sensing the production of microbial-derived metabolites. Deficiencies in these microbial-detecting pathways in IECs leads to impaired epithelial barrier function and altered intestinal homeostasis. This Review aims to highlight the pathways by which IECs sense microbiota-derived signals and the necessity of these detection pathways in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity.
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spelling pubmed-84927662021-10-09 Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals Eshleman, Emily M. Alenghat, Theresa Genes Immun Article The gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of microbial species, collectively termed the microbiota, which establish a symbiotic relationship with the host. Decades of research have emphasized the necessity of microbial signals in the development, maturation, and function of host physiology. However, changes in the composition or containment of the microbiota have been linked to the development of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are in constant contact with the microbiota and are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Signals from the microbiota are directly sensed by IECs and influence intestinal health by calibrating immune cell responses and fortifying intestinal barrier function. IECs detect commensal microbes through engagement of common pattern recognition receptors or by sensing the production of microbial-derived metabolites. Deficiencies in these microbial-detecting pathways in IECs leads to impaired epithelial barrier function and altered intestinal homeostasis. This Review aims to highlight the pathways by which IECs sense microbiota-derived signals and the necessity of these detection pathways in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity. 2021-04-06 2021-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8492766/ /pubmed/33824498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00124-w Text en http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#termsUsers may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
spellingShingle Article
Eshleman, Emily M.
Alenghat, Theresa
Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title_full Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title_fullStr Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title_full_unstemmed Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title_short Epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
title_sort epithelial sensing of microbiota-derived signals
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8492766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33824498
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41435-021-00124-w
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