Corneal Hysteresis in Thais and Variation of Corneal Hysteresis in Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To collect the normal value data of corneal hysteresis in Thais and study the variation of corneal hysteresis in glaucomatous eyes. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study of corneal hysteresis (CH) in healthy non-glaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes. Demographic data, type and staging of glaucoma, Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and ocular response analyzer parameters; CH, corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) and Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) were collected. RESULTS: Data from one eye of 465 normal participants were included for the normal value data of CH. Mean CH, IOPcc and IOPg were 10.18 ± 1.48, 15.01 ± 3.04 and 14.16 ± 3.06 mmHg, respectively. Average age was 57.21 ± 14.4 years. CH at the fifth percentile was 8.0 mmHg. Women had significantly higher CH than men (10.29 ± 1.46 vs 9.90 ± 1.49 mmHg, p=0.009). Moderate negative correlation was found between age and CH, r = −0.338, p<0.001. There were 695 glaucomatous eyes from 429 patients including primary-open angle glaucoma (POAG), primary close-angle glaucoma (PACG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). CH in each glaucoma type and severity stage (early, moderate and severe) were as follows: POAG: 8.74 ± 1.52 mmHg (9.22 ± 1.47, 8.74 ± 1.23 and 7.92 ± 1.40 mmHg, p<0.001), PACG: 9.09 ± 1.72 mmHg (9.85 ± 1.45, 9.04 ± 1.68 and 8.45 ± 1.74 mmHg, p= 0.004), NTG: 9.55 ± 1.67 mmHg (9.47 ± 1.38, 9.75 ± 2.42 and 9.77 ± 1.34 mmHg, p 0.525) and OHT: 10.10 ± 1.40 mmHg. CONCLUSION: Compared with normal value data of corneal hysteresis, CH in glaucomatous eyes was lower. The more advanced glaucoma stage was associated with lower CH. Arising from normal value data, a low percentile of CH could be applied as the deviation value from normal and this dynamic property of CH could represent a glaucoma predictor in an effort to improve glaucoma care.