Cargando…

Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta

The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a c...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8497882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34631709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.723656
_version_ 1784580057549766656
author Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
author_facet Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
author_sort Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
collection PubMed
description The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a conduit for solutes and waste, the placenta possesses a tightly regulated endocrine system that is, of itself, vulnerable to pharmaceutical agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other environmental toxicants. To determine whether extrinsic factors affect placental function, transcriptomics and other omics approaches have become more widely used. In casting a wide net with such approaches, they have provided mechanistic insights into placental physiological and pathological responses and how placental responses may impact the fetus, especially the developing brain through the placenta-brain axis. This review will discuss how such omics technologies have been utilized to understand effects of EDCs, including the widely prevalent plasticizers bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and phthalates, other environmental toxicants, pharmaceutical agents, maternal smoking, and air pollution on placental gene expression, DNA methylation, and metabolomic profiles. It is also increasingly becoming clear that miRNA (miR) are important epigenetic regulators of placental function. Thus, the evidence to date that xenobiotics affect placental miR expression patterns will also be explored. Such omics approaches with mouse and human placenta will assuredly provide key biomarkers that may be used as barometers of exposure and can be targeted by early mitigation approaches to prevent later diseases, in particular neurobehavioral disorders, originating due to placental dysfunction.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8497882
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84978822021-10-09 Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta Rosenfeld, Cheryl S. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a conduit for solutes and waste, the placenta possesses a tightly regulated endocrine system that is, of itself, vulnerable to pharmaceutical agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other environmental toxicants. To determine whether extrinsic factors affect placental function, transcriptomics and other omics approaches have become more widely used. In casting a wide net with such approaches, they have provided mechanistic insights into placental physiological and pathological responses and how placental responses may impact the fetus, especially the developing brain through the placenta-brain axis. This review will discuss how such omics technologies have been utilized to understand effects of EDCs, including the widely prevalent plasticizers bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and phthalates, other environmental toxicants, pharmaceutical agents, maternal smoking, and air pollution on placental gene expression, DNA methylation, and metabolomic profiles. It is also increasingly becoming clear that miRNA (miR) are important epigenetic regulators of placental function. Thus, the evidence to date that xenobiotics affect placental miR expression patterns will also be explored. Such omics approaches with mouse and human placenta will assuredly provide key biomarkers that may be used as barometers of exposure and can be targeted by early mitigation approaches to prevent later diseases, in particular neurobehavioral disorders, originating due to placental dysfunction. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8497882/ /pubmed/34631709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.723656 Text en Copyright © 2021 Rosenfeld. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.
Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title_full Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title_fullStr Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title_short Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta
title_sort transcriptomics and other omics approaches to investigate effects of xenobiotics on the placenta
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8497882/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34631709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.723656
work_keys_str_mv AT rosenfeldcheryls transcriptomicsandotheromicsapproachestoinvestigateeffectsofxenobioticsontheplacenta