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Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers

[Image: see text] Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) petals, depending on the nature of a dyeing bath, dye fibers yellow or red. This is due to the presence of two kinds of components, water-soluble yellow colorants and alkali-soluble red compounds. In this study, safflower-yellow- and safflower-re...

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Autores principales: Lech, Katarzyna, Nawała, Jakub, Popiel, Stanisław
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2021
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34478285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00195
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author Lech, Katarzyna
Nawała, Jakub
Popiel, Stanisław
author_facet Lech, Katarzyna
Nawała, Jakub
Popiel, Stanisław
author_sort Lech, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) petals, depending on the nature of a dyeing bath, dye fibers yellow or red. This is due to the presence of two kinds of components, water-soluble yellow colorants and alkali-soluble red compounds. In this study, safflower-yellow- and safflower-red-dyed silk, cotton, and wool fibers were investigated using high- or ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with spectrophotometry and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–UV–vis–ESI-MS/MS) and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC–HESI-HRMS) in order to identify the natural dye in historical textiles. This way, several quinochalcone C-glycosides were separated and characterized. Their low- and high-resolution MS/MS spectra expanded the database of natural colorants in cultural heritage objects. Moreover, the colorless ct-markers (with a hitherto unknown structure) present in all safflower-dyed fabrics, regardless of the color or preservation conditions, were revealed to be E/Z stereoisomers of N(1),N(5),N(10)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine. Since most of the standards was not available, discussion on possible molecular structures was provided. As a consequence, the analytical investigation of the reference fibers dyed with safflower demonstrated that the dye composition varies, depending on the dyeing conditions and type of fiber. Moreover, it was proven that carthamin, although alkali soluble, can be successfully released with a mild extraction method, without its hydrolysis under these conditions. The results helped us to characterize threads sampled from 16th to 18thcentury textiles of European and Near Eastern origin. It has completed the picture of natural dyes used in the most valuable textiles availed in liturgical vestments from the collections of Krakow churches.
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spelling pubmed-84990242021-10-12 Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers Lech, Katarzyna Nawała, Jakub Popiel, Stanisław J Am Soc Mass Spectrom [Image: see text] Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) petals, depending on the nature of a dyeing bath, dye fibers yellow or red. This is due to the presence of two kinds of components, water-soluble yellow colorants and alkali-soluble red compounds. In this study, safflower-yellow- and safflower-red-dyed silk, cotton, and wool fibers were investigated using high- or ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with spectrophotometry and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–UV–vis–ESI-MS/MS) and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC–HESI-HRMS) in order to identify the natural dye in historical textiles. This way, several quinochalcone C-glycosides were separated and characterized. Their low- and high-resolution MS/MS spectra expanded the database of natural colorants in cultural heritage objects. Moreover, the colorless ct-markers (with a hitherto unknown structure) present in all safflower-dyed fabrics, regardless of the color or preservation conditions, were revealed to be E/Z stereoisomers of N(1),N(5),N(10)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine. Since most of the standards was not available, discussion on possible molecular structures was provided. As a consequence, the analytical investigation of the reference fibers dyed with safflower demonstrated that the dye composition varies, depending on the dyeing conditions and type of fiber. Moreover, it was proven that carthamin, although alkali soluble, can be successfully released with a mild extraction method, without its hydrolysis under these conditions. The results helped us to characterize threads sampled from 16th to 18thcentury textiles of European and Near Eastern origin. It has completed the picture of natural dyes used in the most valuable textiles availed in liturgical vestments from the collections of Krakow churches. American Chemical Society 2021-09-03 2021-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8499024/ /pubmed/34478285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00195 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Lech, Katarzyna
Nawała, Jakub
Popiel, Stanisław
Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title_full Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title_fullStr Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title_full_unstemmed Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title_short Mass Spectrometry for Investigation of Natural Dyes in Historical Textiles: Unveiling the Mystery behind Safflower-Dyed Fibers
title_sort mass spectrometry for investigation of natural dyes in historical textiles: unveiling the mystery behind safflower-dyed fibers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34478285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00195
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