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Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives

Mammal gastrointestinal tracts harbor diverse bacterial communities that play important roles in digestion, development, behavior, and immune function. Although, there is an increasing understanding of the factors that affect microbial community composition in laboratory populations, the impact of e...

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Autores principales: Liu, Ruoshuang, Shi, Jianbin, Shultz, Susanne, Guo, Dongsheng, Liu, Dingzhen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34630362
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737042
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author Liu, Ruoshuang
Shi, Jianbin
Shultz, Susanne
Guo, Dongsheng
Liu, Dingzhen
author_facet Liu, Ruoshuang
Shi, Jianbin
Shultz, Susanne
Guo, Dongsheng
Liu, Dingzhen
author_sort Liu, Ruoshuang
collection PubMed
description Mammal gastrointestinal tracts harbor diverse bacterial communities that play important roles in digestion, development, behavior, and immune function. Although, there is an increasing understanding of the factors that affect microbial community composition in laboratory populations, the impact of environment and host community composition on microbiomes in wild populations is less understood. Given that the composition of bacterial communities can be shaped by ecological factors, particularly exposure to the microbiome of other individuals, inter-specific interactions should impact on microbiome community composition. Here, we evaluated inter-population and inter-specific similarity in the fecal microbiota of Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii), an endangered endemic ruminant around Qinghai Lake in China. We compared the fecal bacterial communities of three Przewalski’s gazelle populations, with those of two sympatric ruminants, Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries). The fecal bacterial community richness (Chao1, ACE) did not vary across the three Przewalski’s gazelle populations, nor did the composition vary between species. In contrast, the managed Przewalski’s gazelle population had higher bacterial diversity (Shannon and Simpson) and was more similar to its sympatric Tibetan sheep in beta diversity than the wild Przewalski’s gazelle populations. These results suggest that ecological factors like host community composition or diet affect Przewalski’s gazelle’s gastrointestinal bacterial community. The role of bacterial community composition in maintaining gastrointestinal health should be assessed to improve conservation management of endangered Przewalski’s gazelle. More broadly, captive breeding and reintroduction efforts may be impeded, where captive management results in dysbiosis and introduction of pathogenic bacteria. In free ranging populations, where wildlife and livestock co-occur, infection by domestic pathogens and diseases may be an underappreciated threat to wild animals.
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spelling pubmed-84991162021-10-09 Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives Liu, Ruoshuang Shi, Jianbin Shultz, Susanne Guo, Dongsheng Liu, Dingzhen Front Microbiol Microbiology Mammal gastrointestinal tracts harbor diverse bacterial communities that play important roles in digestion, development, behavior, and immune function. Although, there is an increasing understanding of the factors that affect microbial community composition in laboratory populations, the impact of environment and host community composition on microbiomes in wild populations is less understood. Given that the composition of bacterial communities can be shaped by ecological factors, particularly exposure to the microbiome of other individuals, inter-specific interactions should impact on microbiome community composition. Here, we evaluated inter-population and inter-specific similarity in the fecal microbiota of Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii), an endangered endemic ruminant around Qinghai Lake in China. We compared the fecal bacterial communities of three Przewalski’s gazelle populations, with those of two sympatric ruminants, Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries). The fecal bacterial community richness (Chao1, ACE) did not vary across the three Przewalski’s gazelle populations, nor did the composition vary between species. In contrast, the managed Przewalski’s gazelle population had higher bacterial diversity (Shannon and Simpson) and was more similar to its sympatric Tibetan sheep in beta diversity than the wild Przewalski’s gazelle populations. These results suggest that ecological factors like host community composition or diet affect Przewalski’s gazelle’s gastrointestinal bacterial community. The role of bacterial community composition in maintaining gastrointestinal health should be assessed to improve conservation management of endangered Przewalski’s gazelle. More broadly, captive breeding and reintroduction efforts may be impeded, where captive management results in dysbiosis and introduction of pathogenic bacteria. In free ranging populations, where wildlife and livestock co-occur, infection by domestic pathogens and diseases may be an underappreciated threat to wild animals. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8499116/ /pubmed/34630362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737042 Text en Copyright © 2021 Liu, Shi, Shultz, Guo and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Liu, Ruoshuang
Shi, Jianbin
Shultz, Susanne
Guo, Dongsheng
Liu, Dingzhen
Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title_full Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title_fullStr Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title_full_unstemmed Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title_short Fecal Bacterial Community of Allopatric Przewalski’s Gazelles and Their Sympatric Relatives
title_sort fecal bacterial community of allopatric przewalski’s gazelles and their sympatric relatives
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34630362
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737042
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