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Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Individual circadian type is a ubiquitous trait defining sleep, with eveningness often associated with poorer sleep and mental health than morningness. However, it is unknown whether COVID-19 pandemic has differentially affected sleep and mental health depending on the circadian ty...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499764/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34432058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab216 |
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author | Merikanto, Ilona Kortesoja, Laura Benedict, Christian Chung, Frances Cedernaes, Jonathan Espie, Colin A Morin, Charles M Dauvilliers, Yves Partinen, Markku De Gennaro, Luigi Wing, Yun Kwok Chan, Ngan Yin Inoue, Yuichi Matsui, Kentaro Holzinger, Brigitte Plazzi, Giuseppe Mota-Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Leger, Damien Penzel, Thomas Bjorvatn, Bjørn |
author_facet | Merikanto, Ilona Kortesoja, Laura Benedict, Christian Chung, Frances Cedernaes, Jonathan Espie, Colin A Morin, Charles M Dauvilliers, Yves Partinen, Markku De Gennaro, Luigi Wing, Yun Kwok Chan, Ngan Yin Inoue, Yuichi Matsui, Kentaro Holzinger, Brigitte Plazzi, Giuseppe Mota-Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Leger, Damien Penzel, Thomas Bjorvatn, Bjørn |
author_sort | Merikanto, Ilona |
collection | PubMed |
description | STUDY OBJECTIVES: Individual circadian type is a ubiquitous trait defining sleep, with eveningness often associated with poorer sleep and mental health than morningness. However, it is unknown whether COVID-19 pandemic has differentially affected sleep and mental health depending on the circadian type. Here, the differences in sleep and mental health between circadian types are examined globally before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The sample collected between May and August 2020 across 12 countries/regions consisted of 19 267 adults with information on their circadian type. Statistical analyses were performed by using Complex Sample procedures, stratified by country and weighted by the number of inhabitants in the country/area of interest and by the relative number of responders in that country/area. RESULTS: Evening-types had poorer mental health, well-being, and quality of life or health than other circadian types during the pandemic. Sleep–wake schedules were delayed especially on working days, and evening-types reported an increase in sleep duration. Sleep problems increased in all circadian types, but especially among evening-types, moderated by financial suffering and confinement. Intermediate-types were less vulnerable to sleep changes, although morningness protected from most sleep problems. These findings were confirmed after adjusting for age, sex, duration of the confinement, or socio-economic status during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate an alarming increase in sleep and mental health problems, especially among evening-types as compared to other circadian types during the pandemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8499764 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84997642021-10-08 Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults Merikanto, Ilona Kortesoja, Laura Benedict, Christian Chung, Frances Cedernaes, Jonathan Espie, Colin A Morin, Charles M Dauvilliers, Yves Partinen, Markku De Gennaro, Luigi Wing, Yun Kwok Chan, Ngan Yin Inoue, Yuichi Matsui, Kentaro Holzinger, Brigitte Plazzi, Giuseppe Mota-Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Leger, Damien Penzel, Thomas Bjorvatn, Bjørn Sleep Circadian Rhythms and Circadian Disorders STUDY OBJECTIVES: Individual circadian type is a ubiquitous trait defining sleep, with eveningness often associated with poorer sleep and mental health than morningness. However, it is unknown whether COVID-19 pandemic has differentially affected sleep and mental health depending on the circadian type. Here, the differences in sleep and mental health between circadian types are examined globally before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The sample collected between May and August 2020 across 12 countries/regions consisted of 19 267 adults with information on their circadian type. Statistical analyses were performed by using Complex Sample procedures, stratified by country and weighted by the number of inhabitants in the country/area of interest and by the relative number of responders in that country/area. RESULTS: Evening-types had poorer mental health, well-being, and quality of life or health than other circadian types during the pandemic. Sleep–wake schedules were delayed especially on working days, and evening-types reported an increase in sleep duration. Sleep problems increased in all circadian types, but especially among evening-types, moderated by financial suffering and confinement. Intermediate-types were less vulnerable to sleep changes, although morningness protected from most sleep problems. These findings were confirmed after adjusting for age, sex, duration of the confinement, or socio-economic status during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate an alarming increase in sleep and mental health problems, especially among evening-types as compared to other circadian types during the pandemic. Oxford University Press 2021-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8499764/ /pubmed/34432058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab216 Text en © Sleep Research Society 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Circadian Rhythms and Circadian Disorders Merikanto, Ilona Kortesoja, Laura Benedict, Christian Chung, Frances Cedernaes, Jonathan Espie, Colin A Morin, Charles M Dauvilliers, Yves Partinen, Markku De Gennaro, Luigi Wing, Yun Kwok Chan, Ngan Yin Inoue, Yuichi Matsui, Kentaro Holzinger, Brigitte Plazzi, Giuseppe Mota-Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Leger, Damien Penzel, Thomas Bjorvatn, Bjørn Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title | Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title_full | Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title_fullStr | Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title_short | Evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
title_sort | evening-types show highest increase of sleep and mental health problems during the covid-19 pandemic—multinational study on 19 267 adults |
topic | Circadian Rhythms and Circadian Disorders |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499764/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34432058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab216 |
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