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Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been clinically applied for neural modulation. Conventional TMS systems are restricted by the trade-off between depth penetration and the focality of the induced electric field. In this study, we integrate...

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Autores principales: Xin, Zonghao, Kuwahata, Akihiro, Liu, Shuang, Sekino, Masaki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8502936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646125
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.693207
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author Xin, Zonghao
Kuwahata, Akihiro
Liu, Shuang
Sekino, Masaki
author_facet Xin, Zonghao
Kuwahata, Akihiro
Liu, Shuang
Sekino, Masaki
author_sort Xin, Zonghao
collection PubMed
description Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been clinically applied for neural modulation. Conventional TMS systems are restricted by the trade-off between depth penetration and the focality of the induced electric field. In this study, we integrated the concept of temporal interference (TI) stimulation, which has been demonstrated as a non-invasive deep-brain stimulation method, with magnetic stimulation in a four-coil configuration. The attenuation depth and spread of the electric field were obtained by performing numerical simulation. Consequently, the proposed temporally interfered magnetic stimulation scheme was demonstrated to be capable of stimulating deeper regions of the brain model while maintaining a relatively narrow spread of the electric field, in comparison to conventional TMS systems. These results demonstrate that TI magnetic stimulation could be a potential candidate to recruit brain regions underneath the cortex. Additionally, by controlling the geometry of the coil array, an analogous relationship between the field depth and focality was observed, in the case of the newly proposed method. The major limitations of the methods, however, would be the considerable intensity and frequency of the input current, followed by the frustration in the thermal management of the hardware.
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spelling pubmed-85029362021-10-12 Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation Xin, Zonghao Kuwahata, Akihiro Liu, Shuang Sekino, Masaki Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been clinically applied for neural modulation. Conventional TMS systems are restricted by the trade-off between depth penetration and the focality of the induced electric field. In this study, we integrated the concept of temporal interference (TI) stimulation, which has been demonstrated as a non-invasive deep-brain stimulation method, with magnetic stimulation in a four-coil configuration. The attenuation depth and spread of the electric field were obtained by performing numerical simulation. Consequently, the proposed temporally interfered magnetic stimulation scheme was demonstrated to be capable of stimulating deeper regions of the brain model while maintaining a relatively narrow spread of the electric field, in comparison to conventional TMS systems. These results demonstrate that TI magnetic stimulation could be a potential candidate to recruit brain regions underneath the cortex. Additionally, by controlling the geometry of the coil array, an analogous relationship between the field depth and focality was observed, in the case of the newly proposed method. The major limitations of the methods, however, would be the considerable intensity and frequency of the input current, followed by the frustration in the thermal management of the hardware. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8502936/ /pubmed/34646125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.693207 Text en Copyright © 2021 Xin, Kuwahata, Liu and Sekino. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Xin, Zonghao
Kuwahata, Akihiro
Liu, Shuang
Sekino, Masaki
Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title_full Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title_fullStr Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title_full_unstemmed Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title_short Magnetically Induced Temporal Interference for Focal and Deep-Brain Stimulation
title_sort magnetically induced temporal interference for focal and deep-brain stimulation
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8502936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646125
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.693207
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