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Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases
Recent years, the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated in preclinical studies and trials of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs is primarily attributed to the paracrine pathway. As...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8503317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646275 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.749192 |
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author | Shen, Ziwei Huang, Wei Liu, Jun Tian, Jie Wang, Shengjun Rui, Ke |
author_facet | Shen, Ziwei Huang, Wei Liu, Jun Tian, Jie Wang, Shengjun Rui, Ke |
author_sort | Shen, Ziwei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent years, the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated in preclinical studies and trials of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs is primarily attributed to the paracrine pathway. As one of the key paracrine effectors, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) are small vesicles 30-200 nm in diameter that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication by carrying bioactive substances from parental cells. Recent studies support the finding that MSC-EXOs have an obvious inhibitory effect toward different effector cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response. Moreover, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type-1 diabetes (T1DM), uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MSC-EXOs are capable of reproducing MSC function and overcoming the limitations of traditional cell therapy. Therefore, using MSC-EXOs instead of MSCs to treat autoimmune diseases appears to be a promising cell-free treatment strategy. In this review, we review the current understanding of MSC-EXOs and discuss the regulatory role of MSC-EXOs on immune cells and its potential application in autoimmune diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8503317 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85033172021-10-12 Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases Shen, Ziwei Huang, Wei Liu, Jun Tian, Jie Wang, Shengjun Rui, Ke Front Immunol Immunology Recent years, the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated in preclinical studies and trials of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs is primarily attributed to the paracrine pathway. As one of the key paracrine effectors, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) are small vesicles 30-200 nm in diameter that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication by carrying bioactive substances from parental cells. Recent studies support the finding that MSC-EXOs have an obvious inhibitory effect toward different effector cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response. Moreover, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type-1 diabetes (T1DM), uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MSC-EXOs are capable of reproducing MSC function and overcoming the limitations of traditional cell therapy. Therefore, using MSC-EXOs instead of MSCs to treat autoimmune diseases appears to be a promising cell-free treatment strategy. In this review, we review the current understanding of MSC-EXOs and discuss the regulatory role of MSC-EXOs on immune cells and its potential application in autoimmune diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8503317/ /pubmed/34646275 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.749192 Text en Copyright © 2021 Shen, Huang, Liu, Tian, Wang and Rui https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Shen, Ziwei Huang, Wei Liu, Jun Tian, Jie Wang, Shengjun Rui, Ke Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title | Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full | Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title_fullStr | Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title_short | Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Autoimmune Diseases |
title_sort | effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on autoimmune diseases |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8503317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646275 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.749192 |
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