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L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways

L-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is releas...

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Autores principales: Mardani-Korrani, Hossein, Nakayasu, Masaru, Yamazaki, Shinichi, Aoki, Yuichi, Kaida, Rumi, Motobayashi, Takashi, Kobayashi, Masaru, Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko, Oikawa, Yosei, Sugiyama, Akifumi, Fujii, Yoshiharu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8503639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.701796
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author Mardani-Korrani, Hossein
Nakayasu, Masaru
Yamazaki, Shinichi
Aoki, Yuichi
Kaida, Rumi
Motobayashi, Takashi
Kobayashi, Masaru
Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko
Oikawa, Yosei
Sugiyama, Akifumi
Fujii, Yoshiharu
author_facet Mardani-Korrani, Hossein
Nakayasu, Masaru
Yamazaki, Shinichi
Aoki, Yuichi
Kaida, Rumi
Motobayashi, Takashi
Kobayashi, Masaru
Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko
Oikawa, Yosei
Sugiyama, Akifumi
Fujii, Yoshiharu
author_sort Mardani-Korrani, Hossein
collection PubMed
description L-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is released into the soil from the roots of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and declines several weeks after growth, while it was absent in bulk proxy. Hairy vetch root was able to exudate L-canavanine in both pots and in vitro conditions in an agar-based medium. The content of the L-canavanine in pots and agar conditions was higher than the field condition. It was also observed that the addition of L-canavanine significantly altered the microbial community composition and diversity in soil. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria became more abundant in the soil after the application of L-canavanine. In contrast, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria populations were decreased by higher L-canavanine concentration (500 nmol/g soil). Prediction of the soil metabolic pathways using PICRUSt2 estimated that the L-arginine degradation pathway was enriched 1.3-fold when L-canavanine was added to the soil. Results indicated that carbon metabolism-related pathways were altered and the degradation of nitrogen-rich compounds (i.e., amino acids) enriched. The findings of this research showed that secretion of the allelochemical L-canavanine from the root of hairy vetch may alter the soil microbial community and soil metabolite pathways to increase the survival chance of hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report that L-canavanine acts as an allelochemical that affects the biodiversity of soil microbial community.
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spelling pubmed-85036392021-10-12 L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways Mardani-Korrani, Hossein Nakayasu, Masaru Yamazaki, Shinichi Aoki, Yuichi Kaida, Rumi Motobayashi, Takashi Kobayashi, Masaru Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko Oikawa, Yosei Sugiyama, Akifumi Fujii, Yoshiharu Front Microbiol Microbiology L-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is released into the soil from the roots of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and declines several weeks after growth, while it was absent in bulk proxy. Hairy vetch root was able to exudate L-canavanine in both pots and in vitro conditions in an agar-based medium. The content of the L-canavanine in pots and agar conditions was higher than the field condition. It was also observed that the addition of L-canavanine significantly altered the microbial community composition and diversity in soil. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria became more abundant in the soil after the application of L-canavanine. In contrast, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria populations were decreased by higher L-canavanine concentration (500 nmol/g soil). Prediction of the soil metabolic pathways using PICRUSt2 estimated that the L-arginine degradation pathway was enriched 1.3-fold when L-canavanine was added to the soil. Results indicated that carbon metabolism-related pathways were altered and the degradation of nitrogen-rich compounds (i.e., amino acids) enriched. The findings of this research showed that secretion of the allelochemical L-canavanine from the root of hairy vetch may alter the soil microbial community and soil metabolite pathways to increase the survival chance of hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report that L-canavanine acts as an allelochemical that affects the biodiversity of soil microbial community. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8503639/ /pubmed/34646244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.701796 Text en Copyright © 2021 Mardani-Korrani, Nakayasu, Yamazaki, Aoki, Kaida, Motobayashi, Kobayashi, Ohkama-Ohtsu, Oikawa, Sugiyama and Fujii. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Mardani-Korrani, Hossein
Nakayasu, Masaru
Yamazaki, Shinichi
Aoki, Yuichi
Kaida, Rumi
Motobayashi, Takashi
Kobayashi, Masaru
Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko
Oikawa, Yosei
Sugiyama, Akifumi
Fujii, Yoshiharu
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title_full L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title_fullStr L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title_full_unstemmed L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title_short L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
title_sort l-canavanine, a root exudate from hairy vetch (vicia villosa) drastically affecting the soil microbial community and metabolite pathways
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8503639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34646244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.701796
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