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Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees

OBJECTIVES: Although higher occupational classes have been reported to be associated with better health, researchers do not fully understand whether such associations derive from the position or individual characteristics of the person in that position. We examined the association between being a ma...

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Autores principales: Ikesu, Ryo, Miyawaki, Atsushi, Svensson, Akiko Kishi, Svensson, Thomas, Kobayashi, Yasuki, Chung, Ung-il
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nordic Association of Occupational Safety and Health 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504547/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34013355
http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3966
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author Ikesu, Ryo
Miyawaki, Atsushi
Svensson, Akiko Kishi
Svensson, Thomas
Kobayashi, Yasuki
Chung, Ung-il
author_facet Ikesu, Ryo
Miyawaki, Atsushi
Svensson, Akiko Kishi
Svensson, Thomas
Kobayashi, Yasuki
Chung, Ung-il
author_sort Ikesu, Ryo
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Although higher occupational classes have been reported to be associated with better health, researchers do not fully understand whether such associations derive from the position or individual characteristics of the person in that position. We examined the association between being a manager and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors using unique panel data in Japan that annually observed employees’ occupational class and health conditions. METHODS: We analyzed data for 45 888 observations from a Japanese company from 2013 through 2017. The association between being a manager and CVD risk factors (metabolic risks and health-related behaviors) were evaluated using simple pooled cross-sectional analyses with adjustment for age, sex, marital status, and overtime-working hours. We further incorporated employee-level fixed-effects into the models to examine whether the associations were subject to individual time-invariant factors. RESULTS: The pooled cross-sectional analyses showed that, compared to non-managers, managers had 2.0 mg/dl lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, 1.4 mmHg-lower systolic blood pressure, and 0.2 kg/m(2) lower body mass index (BMI). After adjusting for employee-level fixed-effects, being a manager was associated with a significantly 2.2 mg/dl higher LDL-C level. However, the associations between an individual’s management status and blood pressure or BMI were not significant. Furthermore, managers were 5.5% less likely to exercise regularly and 6.1% less likely to report sufficient sleep in the fixed-effects models, although the pooled cross-sectional analyses did not demonstrate these significant associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest the necessity of considering these unfavorable health risks associated with being promoted to a manager.
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spelling pubmed-85045472022-01-13 Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees Ikesu, Ryo Miyawaki, Atsushi Svensson, Akiko Kishi Svensson, Thomas Kobayashi, Yasuki Chung, Ung-il Scand J Work Environ Health Original Article OBJECTIVES: Although higher occupational classes have been reported to be associated with better health, researchers do not fully understand whether such associations derive from the position or individual characteristics of the person in that position. We examined the association between being a manager and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors using unique panel data in Japan that annually observed employees’ occupational class and health conditions. METHODS: We analyzed data for 45 888 observations from a Japanese company from 2013 through 2017. The association between being a manager and CVD risk factors (metabolic risks and health-related behaviors) were evaluated using simple pooled cross-sectional analyses with adjustment for age, sex, marital status, and overtime-working hours. We further incorporated employee-level fixed-effects into the models to examine whether the associations were subject to individual time-invariant factors. RESULTS: The pooled cross-sectional analyses showed that, compared to non-managers, managers had 2.0 mg/dl lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, 1.4 mmHg-lower systolic blood pressure, and 0.2 kg/m(2) lower body mass index (BMI). After adjusting for employee-level fixed-effects, being a manager was associated with a significantly 2.2 mg/dl higher LDL-C level. However, the associations between an individual’s management status and blood pressure or BMI were not significant. Furthermore, managers were 5.5% less likely to exercise regularly and 6.1% less likely to report sufficient sleep in the fixed-effects models, although the pooled cross-sectional analyses did not demonstrate these significant associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest the necessity of considering these unfavorable health risks associated with being promoted to a manager. Nordic Association of Occupational Safety and Health 2021-09-01 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8504547/ /pubmed/34013355 http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3966 Text en Copyright: © Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ikesu, Ryo
Miyawaki, Atsushi
Svensson, Akiko Kishi
Svensson, Thomas
Kobayashi, Yasuki
Chung, Ung-il
Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title_full Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title_fullStr Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title_full_unstemmed Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title_short Association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: A fixed-effects analysis for Japanese employees
title_sort association of managerial position with cardiovascular risk factors: a fixed-effects analysis for japanese employees
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504547/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34013355
http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3966
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