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A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic

During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were the main pillar of defence to protect human society against the virus. While a variety of modelling studies try to quantify the effects of NPIs, this paper investigates when and how national and subnational...

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Autores principales: Phillips, Toby, Zhang, Yuxi, Petherick, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956599
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0041
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author Phillips, Toby
Zhang, Yuxi
Petherick, Anna
author_facet Phillips, Toby
Zhang, Yuxi
Petherick, Anna
author_sort Phillips, Toby
collection PubMed
description During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were the main pillar of defence to protect human society against the virus. While a variety of modelling studies try to quantify the effects of NPIs, this paper investigates when and how national and subnational governments have taken actions. We observe longitudinal changes in the global pattern of policymaking to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on stay-at-home orders. Drawing on data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, we show several important trends. First, while national governments exhibited a strong alignment in policy settings initially in March and April 2020, their cross-country policy heterogeneity has grown since May 2020, although countries within global regions continue to display similarities in their approaches. Second, most governments that have implemented multiple stay-at-home orders over the course of the pandemic have become less sensitive to case levels (insofar as they implement subsequent restrictions at progressively higher case levels), apart from a small number of contrast cases which have mostly eliminated domestic community transmission. Third, pandemic policies are increasingly specific to subnational levels, and there is often significant heterogeneity with regard to policy approaches even within the same country.
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spelling pubmed-85048892021-12-23 A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic Phillips, Toby Zhang, Yuxi Petherick, Anna Interface Focus Articles During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were the main pillar of defence to protect human society against the virus. While a variety of modelling studies try to quantify the effects of NPIs, this paper investigates when and how national and subnational governments have taken actions. We observe longitudinal changes in the global pattern of policymaking to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on stay-at-home orders. Drawing on data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, we show several important trends. First, while national governments exhibited a strong alignment in policy settings initially in March and April 2020, their cross-country policy heterogeneity has grown since May 2020, although countries within global regions continue to display similarities in their approaches. Second, most governments that have implemented multiple stay-at-home orders over the course of the pandemic have become less sensitive to case levels (insofar as they implement subsequent restrictions at progressively higher case levels), apart from a small number of contrast cases which have mostly eliminated domestic community transmission. Third, pandemic policies are increasingly specific to subnational levels, and there is often significant heterogeneity with regard to policy approaches even within the same country. The Royal Society 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8504889/ /pubmed/34956599 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0041 Text en © 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Phillips, Toby
Zhang, Yuxi
Petherick, Anna
A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short A year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort year of living distantly: global trends in the use of stay-at-home orders over the first 12 months of the covid-19 pandemic
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956599
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0041
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