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Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020
BACKGROUND: As vaccine supply and access remain limited in many parts of the world, understanding the duration of protection from reinfection after natural infection is important. METHODS: Distinct individuals testing positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2 between March 6, 2020, and August 31, 2020, i...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8506664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34649001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.010 |
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author | Spicer, Kevin B. Glick, Connor Cavanaugh, Alyson M. Thoroughman, Douglas |
author_facet | Spicer, Kevin B. Glick, Connor Cavanaugh, Alyson M. Thoroughman, Douglas |
author_sort | Spicer, Kevin B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: As vaccine supply and access remain limited in many parts of the world, understanding the duration of protection from reinfection after natural infection is important. METHODS: Distinct individuals testing positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2 between March 6, 2020, and August 31, 2020, in Kentucky, USA, were identified using the Kentucky National Electronic Disease Surveillance System. Individuals were followed for occurrence of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 from 91 days after their initial test result through December 31, 2020. Protection from reinfection provided by a prior infection was calculated and additional analyses evaluated impact of age, sex, symptom status, long-term care facility connection, testing occurrence and frequency, and time from initial infection. RESULTS: The protective effect from prior infection was 80.3% (95% CI, 78.2%–82.2%) for those aged 20–59 years and 67.4% (95% CI, 62.8%–71.4%) for those aged ≥60 years. At 30-day time periods through 270 days (with limited exceptions), protection was estimated to be >75% for those aged 20–59 years and >65% for those aged ≥60 years. Factors associated with repeat positive testing included a connection to a long-term care facility, duration of potential exposure, and absence of symptoms during initial infection. CONCLUSIONS: Natural infection provides substantial and persistent immunologic protection for a period of several months for most individuals, although subpopulations may be at greater risk of repeat positive testing and potential poor outcomes associated with reinfection. These subgroups include individuals aged ≥60 years, residents and staff of long-term care facilities, and those who have mild or asymptomatic illness with initial infection. Continued emphasis on vaccination and infection prevention and control strategies remains critically important in reducing the risk of reinfection and associated severe outcomes for these groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8506664 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85066642021-10-12 Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 Spicer, Kevin B. Glick, Connor Cavanaugh, Alyson M. Thoroughman, Douglas Int J Infect Dis Article BACKGROUND: As vaccine supply and access remain limited in many parts of the world, understanding the duration of protection from reinfection after natural infection is important. METHODS: Distinct individuals testing positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2 between March 6, 2020, and August 31, 2020, in Kentucky, USA, were identified using the Kentucky National Electronic Disease Surveillance System. Individuals were followed for occurrence of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 from 91 days after their initial test result through December 31, 2020. Protection from reinfection provided by a prior infection was calculated and additional analyses evaluated impact of age, sex, symptom status, long-term care facility connection, testing occurrence and frequency, and time from initial infection. RESULTS: The protective effect from prior infection was 80.3% (95% CI, 78.2%–82.2%) for those aged 20–59 years and 67.4% (95% CI, 62.8%–71.4%) for those aged ≥60 years. At 30-day time periods through 270 days (with limited exceptions), protection was estimated to be >75% for those aged 20–59 years and >65% for those aged ≥60 years. Factors associated with repeat positive testing included a connection to a long-term care facility, duration of potential exposure, and absence of symptoms during initial infection. CONCLUSIONS: Natural infection provides substantial and persistent immunologic protection for a period of several months for most individuals, although subpopulations may be at greater risk of repeat positive testing and potential poor outcomes associated with reinfection. These subgroups include individuals aged ≥60 years, residents and staff of long-term care facilities, and those who have mild or asymptomatic illness with initial infection. Continued emphasis on vaccination and infection prevention and control strategies remains critically important in reducing the risk of reinfection and associated severe outcomes for these groups. Elsevier 2022-01 2021-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8506664/ /pubmed/34649001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.010 Text en Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Spicer, Kevin B. Glick, Connor Cavanaugh, Alyson M. Thoroughman, Douglas Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title | Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title_full | Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title_fullStr | Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title_full_unstemmed | Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title_short | Protective Immunity after Natural Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) – Kentucky, USA, 2020 |
title_sort | protective immunity after natural infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) – kentucky, usa, 2020 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8506664/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34649001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.010 |
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