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Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer research has been recently characterized by the discovery of several prognostic and predictive molecular factors, which ultimately improve patients’ management. In this review, we present the clinical impact of such factors and the methods to detect them, both on tiss...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8507555/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194771 |
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author | Giunta, Emilio Francesco Annaratone, Laura Bollito, Enrico Porpiglia, Francesco Cereda, Matteo Banna, Giuseppe Luigi Mosca, Alessandra Marchiò, Caterina Rescigno, Pasquale |
author_facet | Giunta, Emilio Francesco Annaratone, Laura Bollito, Enrico Porpiglia, Francesco Cereda, Matteo Banna, Giuseppe Luigi Mosca, Alessandra Marchiò, Caterina Rescigno, Pasquale |
author_sort | Giunta, Emilio Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer research has been recently characterized by the discovery of several prognostic and predictive molecular factors, which ultimately improve patients’ management. In this review, we present the clinical impact of such factors and the methods to detect them, both on tissue and blood, in advanced prostate cancer patients. The aim of this review is ultimately to depict the role of these molecular factors in the era of precision oncology. ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer (PCa) therapy has been recently revolutionized by the approval of new therapeutic agents in the metastatic setting. However, the optimal therapeutic strategy in such patients should be individualized in the light of prognostic and predictive molecular factors, which have been recently studied: androgen receptor (AR) alterations, PTEN-PI3K-AKT pathway deregulation, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd), and tumor microenvironment (TME) modifications. In this review, we highlighted the clinical impact of prognostic and predictive molecular factors in PCa patients’ outcomes, identifying biologically distinct subtypes. We further analyzed the relevant methods to detect these factors, both on tissue, i.e., immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular tests, and blood, i.e., analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Moreover, we discussed the main pros and cons of such techniques, depicting their present and future roles in PCa management, throughout the precision medicine era. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8507555 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85075552021-10-13 Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era Giunta, Emilio Francesco Annaratone, Laura Bollito, Enrico Porpiglia, Francesco Cereda, Matteo Banna, Giuseppe Luigi Mosca, Alessandra Marchiò, Caterina Rescigno, Pasquale Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Prostate cancer research has been recently characterized by the discovery of several prognostic and predictive molecular factors, which ultimately improve patients’ management. In this review, we present the clinical impact of such factors and the methods to detect them, both on tissue and blood, in advanced prostate cancer patients. The aim of this review is ultimately to depict the role of these molecular factors in the era of precision oncology. ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer (PCa) therapy has been recently revolutionized by the approval of new therapeutic agents in the metastatic setting. However, the optimal therapeutic strategy in such patients should be individualized in the light of prognostic and predictive molecular factors, which have been recently studied: androgen receptor (AR) alterations, PTEN-PI3K-AKT pathway deregulation, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd), and tumor microenvironment (TME) modifications. In this review, we highlighted the clinical impact of prognostic and predictive molecular factors in PCa patients’ outcomes, identifying biologically distinct subtypes. We further analyzed the relevant methods to detect these factors, both on tissue, i.e., immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular tests, and blood, i.e., analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Moreover, we discussed the main pros and cons of such techniques, depicting their present and future roles in PCa management, throughout the precision medicine era. MDPI 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8507555/ /pubmed/34638258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194771 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Giunta, Emilio Francesco Annaratone, Laura Bollito, Enrico Porpiglia, Francesco Cereda, Matteo Banna, Giuseppe Luigi Mosca, Alessandra Marchiò, Caterina Rescigno, Pasquale Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title | Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title_full | Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title_short | Molecular Characterization of Prostate Cancers in the Precision Medicine Era |
title_sort | molecular characterization of prostate cancers in the precision medicine era |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8507555/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194771 |
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