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Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells

Asymmetric cell division (ACD) of neural stem cells and progenitors not only renews the stem cell population but also ensures the normal development of the nervous system, producing various types of neurons with different shapes and functions in the brain. One major mechanism to achieve ACD is the a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhang, Yiqing, Wei, Heyang, Wen, Wenyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8508713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638607
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910267
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author Zhang, Yiqing
Wei, Heyang
Wen, Wenyu
author_facet Zhang, Yiqing
Wei, Heyang
Wen, Wenyu
author_sort Zhang, Yiqing
collection PubMed
description Asymmetric cell division (ACD) of neural stem cells and progenitors not only renews the stem cell population but also ensures the normal development of the nervous system, producing various types of neurons with different shapes and functions in the brain. One major mechanism to achieve ACD is the asymmetric localization and uneven segregation of intracellular proteins and organelles into sibling cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) provides a potential mechanism for the formation of membrane-less biomolecular condensates that are asymmetrically distributed on limited membrane regions. Moreover, mechanical forces have emerged as pivotal regulators of asymmetric neural stem cell division by generating sibling cell size asymmetry. In this review, we will summarize recent discoveries of ACD mechanisms driven by LLPS and mechanical forces.
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spelling pubmed-85087132021-10-13 Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells Zhang, Yiqing Wei, Heyang Wen, Wenyu Int J Mol Sci Review Asymmetric cell division (ACD) of neural stem cells and progenitors not only renews the stem cell population but also ensures the normal development of the nervous system, producing various types of neurons with different shapes and functions in the brain. One major mechanism to achieve ACD is the asymmetric localization and uneven segregation of intracellular proteins and organelles into sibling cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) provides a potential mechanism for the formation of membrane-less biomolecular condensates that are asymmetrically distributed on limited membrane regions. Moreover, mechanical forces have emerged as pivotal regulators of asymmetric neural stem cell division by generating sibling cell size asymmetry. In this review, we will summarize recent discoveries of ACD mechanisms driven by LLPS and mechanical forces. MDPI 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8508713/ /pubmed/34638607 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910267 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zhang, Yiqing
Wei, Heyang
Wen, Wenyu
Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title_full Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title_fullStr Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title_full_unstemmed Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title_short Phase Separation and Mechanical Forces in Regulating Asymmetric Cell Division of Neural Stem Cells
title_sort phase separation and mechanical forces in regulating asymmetric cell division of neural stem cells
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8508713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638607
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910267
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