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The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance

The consecutive disordered regions (CDRs) are the basis for the formation of intrinsically disordered proteins, which contribute to various biological functions and increasing organism complexity. Previous studies have revealed that CDRs may be present inside or outside protein domains, but a compre...

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Autores principales: Wang, Huqiang, Zhong, Haolin, Gao, Chao, Zang, Jiayin, Yang, Dong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8508753/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639018
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910677
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author Wang, Huqiang
Zhong, Haolin
Gao, Chao
Zang, Jiayin
Yang, Dong
author_facet Wang, Huqiang
Zhong, Haolin
Gao, Chao
Zang, Jiayin
Yang, Dong
author_sort Wang, Huqiang
collection PubMed
description The consecutive disordered regions (CDRs) are the basis for the formation of intrinsically disordered proteins, which contribute to various biological functions and increasing organism complexity. Previous studies have revealed that CDRs may be present inside or outside protein domains, but a comprehensive analysis of the property differences between these two types of CDRs and the proteins containing them is lacking. In this study, we investigated this issue from three viewpoints. Firstly, we found that in-domain CDRs are more hydrophilic and stable but have less stickiness and fewer post-translational modification sites compared with out-domain CDRs. Secondly, at the protein level, we found that proteins with only in-domain CDRs originated late, evolved rapidly, and had weak functional constraints, compared with the other two types of CDR-containing proteins. Proteins with only in-domain CDRs tend to be expressed spatiotemporal specifically, but they tend to have higher abundance and are more stable. Thirdly, we screened the CDR-containing protein domains that have a strong correlation with organism complexity. The CDR-containing domains tend to be evolutionarily young, or they changed from a domain without CDR to a CDR-containing domain during evolution. These results provide valuable new insights about the evolution and function of CDRs and protein domains.
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spelling pubmed-85087532021-10-13 The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance Wang, Huqiang Zhong, Haolin Gao, Chao Zang, Jiayin Yang, Dong Int J Mol Sci Article The consecutive disordered regions (CDRs) are the basis for the formation of intrinsically disordered proteins, which contribute to various biological functions and increasing organism complexity. Previous studies have revealed that CDRs may be present inside or outside protein domains, but a comprehensive analysis of the property differences between these two types of CDRs and the proteins containing them is lacking. In this study, we investigated this issue from three viewpoints. Firstly, we found that in-domain CDRs are more hydrophilic and stable but have less stickiness and fewer post-translational modification sites compared with out-domain CDRs. Secondly, at the protein level, we found that proteins with only in-domain CDRs originated late, evolved rapidly, and had weak functional constraints, compared with the other two types of CDR-containing proteins. Proteins with only in-domain CDRs tend to be expressed spatiotemporal specifically, but they tend to have higher abundance and are more stable. Thirdly, we screened the CDR-containing protein domains that have a strong correlation with organism complexity. The CDR-containing domains tend to be evolutionarily young, or they changed from a domain without CDR to a CDR-containing domain during evolution. These results provide valuable new insights about the evolution and function of CDRs and protein domains. MDPI 2021-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8508753/ /pubmed/34639018 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910677 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Huqiang
Zhong, Haolin
Gao, Chao
Zang, Jiayin
Yang, Dong
The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title_full The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title_fullStr The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title_full_unstemmed The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title_short The Distinct Properties of the Consecutive Disordered Regions Inside or Outside Protein Domains and Their Functional Significance
title_sort distinct properties of the consecutive disordered regions inside or outside protein domains and their functional significance
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8508753/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639018
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910677
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