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TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is mainly known for its necessary role in skeletal and dental mineralization, which relies on the hydrolysis of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)). Mutations in the gene encoding TNAP leading to severe hypophosphatasia result i...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509042/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638808 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910470 |
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author | Briolay, Anne Bessueille, Laurence Magne, David |
author_facet | Briolay, Anne Bessueille, Laurence Magne, David |
author_sort | Briolay, Anne |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is mainly known for its necessary role in skeletal and dental mineralization, which relies on the hydrolysis of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)). Mutations in the gene encoding TNAP leading to severe hypophosphatasia result in strongly reduced mineralization and perinatal death. Fortunately, the relatively recent development of a recombinant TNAP with a bone anchor has allowed to correct the bone defects and prolong the life of affected babies and children. Researches on TNAP must however not be slowed down, because accumulating evidence indicates that TNAP activation in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with enhanced cardiovascular mortality, presumably in relation with cardiovascular calcification. On the other hand, TNAP appears to be necessary to prevent the development of steatohepatitis in mice, suggesting that TNAP plays protective roles. The aim of the present review is to highlight the known or suspected functions of TNAP in energy metabolism that may be associated with the development of MetS. The location of TNAP in liver and its function in bile excretion, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detoxification and fatty acid transport will be presented. The expression and function of TNAP in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis will also be discussed. Given that TNAP is a tissue- and substrate-nonspecific phosphatase, we believe that it exerts several crucial pathophysiological functions that are just beginning to be discovered. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8509042 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85090422021-10-13 TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism Briolay, Anne Bessueille, Laurence Magne, David Int J Mol Sci Review Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is mainly known for its necessary role in skeletal and dental mineralization, which relies on the hydrolysis of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)). Mutations in the gene encoding TNAP leading to severe hypophosphatasia result in strongly reduced mineralization and perinatal death. Fortunately, the relatively recent development of a recombinant TNAP with a bone anchor has allowed to correct the bone defects and prolong the life of affected babies and children. Researches on TNAP must however not be slowed down, because accumulating evidence indicates that TNAP activation in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with enhanced cardiovascular mortality, presumably in relation with cardiovascular calcification. On the other hand, TNAP appears to be necessary to prevent the development of steatohepatitis in mice, suggesting that TNAP plays protective roles. The aim of the present review is to highlight the known or suspected functions of TNAP in energy metabolism that may be associated with the development of MetS. The location of TNAP in liver and its function in bile excretion, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detoxification and fatty acid transport will be presented. The expression and function of TNAP in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis will also be discussed. Given that TNAP is a tissue- and substrate-nonspecific phosphatase, we believe that it exerts several crucial pathophysiological functions that are just beginning to be discovered. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8509042/ /pubmed/34638808 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910470 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Briolay, Anne Bessueille, Laurence Magne, David TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title | TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title_full | TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title_fullStr | TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed | TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title_short | TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism |
title_sort | tnap: a new multitask enzyme in energy metabolism |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509042/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638808 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910470 |
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