Cargando…

Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species

Heterostyly is a breeding system that promotes outbreeding through a combination of morphological and physiological floral traits. In Turnera these traits are governed by a single, hemizygous S-locus containing just three genes. We report that the S-locus gene, BAHD, is mutated and encodes a severel...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Matzke, Courtney M., Hamam, Hasan J., Henning, Paige M., Dougherty, Kyra, Shore, Joel S., Neff, Michael M., McCubbin, Andrew G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509066/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910603
_version_ 1784582247253278720
author Matzke, Courtney M.
Hamam, Hasan J.
Henning, Paige M.
Dougherty, Kyra
Shore, Joel S.
Neff, Michael M.
McCubbin, Andrew G.
author_facet Matzke, Courtney M.
Hamam, Hasan J.
Henning, Paige M.
Dougherty, Kyra
Shore, Joel S.
Neff, Michael M.
McCubbin, Andrew G.
author_sort Matzke, Courtney M.
collection PubMed
description Heterostyly is a breeding system that promotes outbreeding through a combination of morphological and physiological floral traits. In Turnera these traits are governed by a single, hemizygous S-locus containing just three genes. We report that the S-locus gene, BAHD, is mutated and encodes a severely truncated protein in a self-compatible long homostyle species. Further, a self-compatible long homostyle mutant possesses a T. krapovickasii BAHD allele with a point mutation in a highly conserved domain of BAHD acyl transferases. Wild type and mutant TkBAHD alleles were expressed in Arabidopsis to assay for brassinosteroid (BR) inactivating activity. The wild type but not mutant allele caused dwarfism, consistent with the wild type possessing, but the mutant allele having lost, BR inactivating activity. To investigate whether BRs act directly in self-incompatibility, BRs were added to in vitro pollen cultures of the two mating types. A small morph specific stimulatory effect on pollen tube growth was found with 5 µM brassinolide, but no genotype specific inhibition was observed. These results suggest that BAHD acts pleiotropically to mediate pistil length and physiological mating type through BR inactivation, and that in regard to self-incompatibility, BR acts by differentially regulating gene expression in pistils, rather than directly on pollen.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8509066
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85090662021-10-13 Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species Matzke, Courtney M. Hamam, Hasan J. Henning, Paige M. Dougherty, Kyra Shore, Joel S. Neff, Michael M. McCubbin, Andrew G. Int J Mol Sci Article Heterostyly is a breeding system that promotes outbreeding through a combination of morphological and physiological floral traits. In Turnera these traits are governed by a single, hemizygous S-locus containing just three genes. We report that the S-locus gene, BAHD, is mutated and encodes a severely truncated protein in a self-compatible long homostyle species. Further, a self-compatible long homostyle mutant possesses a T. krapovickasii BAHD allele with a point mutation in a highly conserved domain of BAHD acyl transferases. Wild type and mutant TkBAHD alleles were expressed in Arabidopsis to assay for brassinosteroid (BR) inactivating activity. The wild type but not mutant allele caused dwarfism, consistent with the wild type possessing, but the mutant allele having lost, BR inactivating activity. To investigate whether BRs act directly in self-incompatibility, BRs were added to in vitro pollen cultures of the two mating types. A small morph specific stimulatory effect on pollen tube growth was found with 5 µM brassinolide, but no genotype specific inhibition was observed. These results suggest that BAHD acts pleiotropically to mediate pistil length and physiological mating type through BR inactivation, and that in regard to self-incompatibility, BR acts by differentially regulating gene expression in pistils, rather than directly on pollen. MDPI 2021-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8509066/ /pubmed/34638969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910603 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matzke, Courtney M.
Hamam, Hasan J.
Henning, Paige M.
Dougherty, Kyra
Shore, Joel S.
Neff, Michael M.
McCubbin, Andrew G.
Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title_full Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title_fullStr Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title_full_unstemmed Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title_short Pistil Mating Type and Morphology Are Mediated by the Brassinosteroid Inactivating Activity of the S-Locus Gene BAHD in Heterostylous Turnera Species
title_sort pistil mating type and morphology are mediated by the brassinosteroid inactivating activity of the s-locus gene bahd in heterostylous turnera species
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509066/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34638969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910603
work_keys_str_mv AT matzkecourtneym pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT hamamhasanj pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT henningpaigem pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT doughertykyra pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT shorejoels pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT neffmichaelm pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies
AT mccubbinandrewg pistilmatingtypeandmorphologyaremediatedbythebrassinosteroidinactivatingactivityoftheslocusgenebahdinheterostylousturneraspecies