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Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors

This study evaluates whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) affects functional and morphological responses to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Retrospective analysis included 98 treatment-...

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Autores principales: Łądkowska, Joanna, Gawęcki, Maciej, Szołkiewicz, Marek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194595
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author Łądkowska, Joanna
Gawęcki, Maciej
Szołkiewicz, Marek
author_facet Łądkowska, Joanna
Gawęcki, Maciej
Szołkiewicz, Marek
author_sort Łądkowska, Joanna
collection PubMed
description This study evaluates whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) affects functional and morphological responses to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Retrospective analysis included 98 treatment-naïve eyes followed for at least 12 months. Patients received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept with the dosage and regimen set according to each manufacturer’s recommendations for their product. Parameters evaluated at each follow-up visit included best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness. Additionally, the presence of the following CRFs was evaluated: male sex, age of older than 70 years, history of current or past smoking, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolemia, high-density lipoprotein concentration of 45 mg/dL or less, atherogenic dyslipidemia, family history of cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. A statistically significant better letter gain in visual acuity (p = 0.012) and greater percentage of responders (p = 0.035)—that is patients in whom best corrected visual acuity was stabilized or improved at 12 months—were noted among patients without a diagnosis of arterial hypertension. A statistically significant better mean visual improvement was also achieved in patients with higher total cholesterol plasma levels (p = 0.004), but this finding was not reflected in the significantly higher percentage of responders. The presence of remaining analyzed risk factors did not substantially affect the results of treatment. Systemic arterial hypertension is an independent factor leading to a poor functional outcome following anti-VEGF therapy in patients with nAMD. Effects of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with high total cholesterol levels should be analyzed in further research.
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spelling pubmed-85091222021-10-13 Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors Łądkowska, Joanna Gawęcki, Maciej Szołkiewicz, Marek J Clin Med Article This study evaluates whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) affects functional and morphological responses to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Retrospective analysis included 98 treatment-naïve eyes followed for at least 12 months. Patients received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept with the dosage and regimen set according to each manufacturer’s recommendations for their product. Parameters evaluated at each follow-up visit included best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness. Additionally, the presence of the following CRFs was evaluated: male sex, age of older than 70 years, history of current or past smoking, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolemia, high-density lipoprotein concentration of 45 mg/dL or less, atherogenic dyslipidemia, family history of cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. A statistically significant better letter gain in visual acuity (p = 0.012) and greater percentage of responders (p = 0.035)—that is patients in whom best corrected visual acuity was stabilized or improved at 12 months—were noted among patients without a diagnosis of arterial hypertension. A statistically significant better mean visual improvement was also achieved in patients with higher total cholesterol plasma levels (p = 0.004), but this finding was not reflected in the significantly higher percentage of responders. The presence of remaining analyzed risk factors did not substantially affect the results of treatment. Systemic arterial hypertension is an independent factor leading to a poor functional outcome following anti-VEGF therapy in patients with nAMD. Effects of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with high total cholesterol levels should be analyzed in further research. MDPI 2021-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8509122/ /pubmed/34640613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194595 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Łądkowska, Joanna
Gawęcki, Maciej
Szołkiewicz, Marek
Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title_full Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title_fullStr Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title_short Efficacy of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Systemic Cardiovascular Risk Factors
title_sort efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and systemic cardiovascular risk factors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640613
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194595
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