Cargando…

Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes

Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formatio...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ryu, Je-Kyung, Hwang, Da-Eun, Choi, Jeong-Mo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639077
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736
_version_ 1784582277479530496
author Ryu, Je-Kyung
Hwang, Da-Eun
Choi, Jeong-Mo
author_facet Ryu, Je-Kyung
Hwang, Da-Eun
Choi, Jeong-Mo
author_sort Ryu, Je-Kyung
collection PubMed
description Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formation and regulation of chromosome structures at various levels. Here, we review the current understanding of biomolecular phase separation related to chromosomes. First, we discuss the fundamental principles of phase separation and introduce several examples of nuclear/chromosomal biomolecular assemblies formed by phase separation. We also briefly explain the experimental and computational methods used to study phase separation in chromosomes. Finally, we discuss a recent phase separation model, termed bridging-induced phase separation (BIPS), which can explain the formation of local chromosome structures.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8509192
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85091922021-10-13 Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes Ryu, Je-Kyung Hwang, Da-Eun Choi, Jeong-Mo Int J Mol Sci Review Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formation and regulation of chromosome structures at various levels. Here, we review the current understanding of biomolecular phase separation related to chromosomes. First, we discuss the fundamental principles of phase separation and introduce several examples of nuclear/chromosomal biomolecular assemblies formed by phase separation. We also briefly explain the experimental and computational methods used to study phase separation in chromosomes. Finally, we discuss a recent phase separation model, termed bridging-induced phase separation (BIPS), which can explain the formation of local chromosome structures. MDPI 2021-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8509192/ /pubmed/34639077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ryu, Je-Kyung
Hwang, Da-Eun
Choi, Jeong-Mo
Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title_full Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title_fullStr Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title_full_unstemmed Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title_short Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
title_sort current understanding of molecular phase separation in chromosomes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639077
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736
work_keys_str_mv AT ryujekyung currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes
AT hwangdaeun currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes
AT choijeongmo currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes