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Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes
Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formatio...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736 |
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author | Ryu, Je-Kyung Hwang, Da-Eun Choi, Jeong-Mo |
author_facet | Ryu, Je-Kyung Hwang, Da-Eun Choi, Jeong-Mo |
author_sort | Ryu, Je-Kyung |
collection | PubMed |
description | Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formation and regulation of chromosome structures at various levels. Here, we review the current understanding of biomolecular phase separation related to chromosomes. First, we discuss the fundamental principles of phase separation and introduce several examples of nuclear/chromosomal biomolecular assemblies formed by phase separation. We also briefly explain the experimental and computational methods used to study phase separation in chromosomes. Finally, we discuss a recent phase separation model, termed bridging-induced phase separation (BIPS), which can explain the formation of local chromosome structures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8509192 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85091922021-10-13 Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes Ryu, Je-Kyung Hwang, Da-Eun Choi, Jeong-Mo Int J Mol Sci Review Biomolecular phase separation denotes the demixing of a specific set of intracellular components without membrane encapsulation. Recent studies have found that biomolecular phase separation is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. In particular, phase separation is involved in the formation and regulation of chromosome structures at various levels. Here, we review the current understanding of biomolecular phase separation related to chromosomes. First, we discuss the fundamental principles of phase separation and introduce several examples of nuclear/chromosomal biomolecular assemblies formed by phase separation. We also briefly explain the experimental and computational methods used to study phase separation in chromosomes. Finally, we discuss a recent phase separation model, termed bridging-induced phase separation (BIPS), which can explain the formation of local chromosome structures. MDPI 2021-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8509192/ /pubmed/34639077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ryu, Je-Kyung Hwang, Da-Eun Choi, Jeong-Mo Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title | Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title_full | Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title_fullStr | Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title_full_unstemmed | Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title_short | Current Understanding of Molecular Phase Separation in Chromosomes |
title_sort | current understanding of molecular phase separation in chromosomes |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910736 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ryujekyung currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes AT hwangdaeun currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes AT choijeongmo currentunderstandingofmolecularphaseseparationinchromosomes |