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Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study
COVID-19, as a disease involving the endothelium of multiple organs, is characterized by high mortality rates among hospitalized patients. Patients with hematological malignancies are particularly at risk of an unfavorable course of COVID-19. The endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX) score...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509351/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194373 |
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author | Kalicińska, Elżbieta Biernat, Monika Rybka, Justyna Zińczuk, Aleksander Janocha-Litwin, Justyna Rosiek-Biegus, Marta Morawska, Marta Waszczuk-Gajda, Anna Drozd-Sokołowska, Joanna Szukalski, Łukasz Rymko, Marcin Jabłonowska, Paula Simon, Krzysztof Wróbel, Tomasz |
author_facet | Kalicińska, Elżbieta Biernat, Monika Rybka, Justyna Zińczuk, Aleksander Janocha-Litwin, Justyna Rosiek-Biegus, Marta Morawska, Marta Waszczuk-Gajda, Anna Drozd-Sokołowska, Joanna Szukalski, Łukasz Rymko, Marcin Jabłonowska, Paula Simon, Krzysztof Wróbel, Tomasz |
author_sort | Kalicińska, Elżbieta |
collection | PubMed |
description | COVID-19, as a disease involving the endothelium of multiple organs, is characterized by high mortality rates among hospitalized patients. Patients with hematological malignancies are particularly at risk of an unfavorable course of COVID-19. The endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX) score has been used as a simple predictor of overall survival (OS) in specific groups of hematological cancer patients. EASIX, as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction, might play a prognostic role in patients with COVID-19. Here, we performed a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the EASIX score in 523 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with or without coexisting hematological cancer. Hematological cancer COVID-19 patients had higher EASIX scores compared to the overall population with COVID-19. In hematological patients, EASIX was a strong predictor of the occurrence of sepsis during COVID-19. Our findings demonstrated EASIX as a strong predictor of intensive care unit admission, in-hospital mortality, the occurrence of acute renal failure and the need for hemodialysis, both in hematological and non-hematological COVID-19 patients. Patients with a high EASIX score on COVID-19 diagnosis had significantly inferior OS compared to patients with low EASIX. We showed for the first time that EASIX might serve as a simple, universal prognostic tool of OS in both hematological and non-hematological COVID-19 patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8509351 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85093512021-10-13 Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study Kalicińska, Elżbieta Biernat, Monika Rybka, Justyna Zińczuk, Aleksander Janocha-Litwin, Justyna Rosiek-Biegus, Marta Morawska, Marta Waszczuk-Gajda, Anna Drozd-Sokołowska, Joanna Szukalski, Łukasz Rymko, Marcin Jabłonowska, Paula Simon, Krzysztof Wróbel, Tomasz J Clin Med Article COVID-19, as a disease involving the endothelium of multiple organs, is characterized by high mortality rates among hospitalized patients. Patients with hematological malignancies are particularly at risk of an unfavorable course of COVID-19. The endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX) score has been used as a simple predictor of overall survival (OS) in specific groups of hematological cancer patients. EASIX, as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction, might play a prognostic role in patients with COVID-19. Here, we performed a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the EASIX score in 523 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with or without coexisting hematological cancer. Hematological cancer COVID-19 patients had higher EASIX scores compared to the overall population with COVID-19. In hematological patients, EASIX was a strong predictor of the occurrence of sepsis during COVID-19. Our findings demonstrated EASIX as a strong predictor of intensive care unit admission, in-hospital mortality, the occurrence of acute renal failure and the need for hemodialysis, both in hematological and non-hematological COVID-19 patients. Patients with a high EASIX score on COVID-19 diagnosis had significantly inferior OS compared to patients with low EASIX. We showed for the first time that EASIX might serve as a simple, universal prognostic tool of OS in both hematological and non-hematological COVID-19 patients. MDPI 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8509351/ /pubmed/34640390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194373 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kalicińska, Elżbieta Biernat, Monika Rybka, Justyna Zińczuk, Aleksander Janocha-Litwin, Justyna Rosiek-Biegus, Marta Morawska, Marta Waszczuk-Gajda, Anna Drozd-Sokołowska, Joanna Szukalski, Łukasz Rymko, Marcin Jabłonowska, Paula Simon, Krzysztof Wróbel, Tomasz Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title | Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title_full | Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title_short | Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as an Early Predictor for Mortality and Overall Survival in Hematological and Non-Hematological Patients with COVID-19: Multicenter Cohort Study |
title_sort | endothelial activation and stress index (easix) as an early predictor for mortality and overall survival in hematological and non-hematological patients with covid-19: multicenter cohort study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509351/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194373 |
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