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Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms

Background: Post-COVID manifestation is defined as persistent symptoms or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from disease onset. Fatigue and memory impairment are common post-COVID symptoms. We aimed to explore associations between the timeline and severity of post-COVID fatigue and anti-SARS-Co...

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Autores principales: Molnar, Tihamer, Varnai, Reka, Schranz, Daniel, Zavori, Laszlo, Peterfi, Zoltan, Sipos, David, Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit, Illes, Zsolt, Buki, Andras, Csecsei, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509483/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640355
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194337
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author Molnar, Tihamer
Varnai, Reka
Schranz, Daniel
Zavori, Laszlo
Peterfi, Zoltan
Sipos, David
Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit
Illes, Zsolt
Buki, Andras
Csecsei, Peter
author_facet Molnar, Tihamer
Varnai, Reka
Schranz, Daniel
Zavori, Laszlo
Peterfi, Zoltan
Sipos, David
Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit
Illes, Zsolt
Buki, Andras
Csecsei, Peter
author_sort Molnar, Tihamer
collection PubMed
description Background: Post-COVID manifestation is defined as persistent symptoms or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from disease onset. Fatigue and memory impairment are common post-COVID symptoms. We aimed to explore associations between the timeline and severity of post-COVID fatigue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Methods: Fatigue and memory impairment were assessed in a total of 101 post-COVID subjects using the Chalder fatigue scale (CFQ-11) and a visual analogue scale. Using the bimodal scoring system generated from CFQ-11, a score ≥4 was defined as severe fatigue. Serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S-Ig) and nucleocapsid (anti-NC-Ig) antibodies were examined at two time points: 4–12 weeks after onset of symptoms, and beyond 12 weeks. Results: The serum level of anti-S-Ig was significantly higher in patients with non-severe fatigue compared to those with severe fatigue at 4–12 weeks (p = 0.006) and beyond 12 weeks (p = 0.016). The serum level of anti-NC-Ig remained high in patients with non-severe fatigue at both time points. In contrast, anti-NC-Ig decreased significantly in severe fatigue cases regardless of the elapsed time (4–12 weeks: p = 0.024; beyond 12 weeks: p = 0.005). The incidence of memory impairment was significantly correlated with lower anti-S-Ig levels (−0.359, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The systemic immune response reflected by antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 is strongly correlated with the severity of post-COVID fatigue.
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spelling pubmed-85094832021-10-13 Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms Molnar, Tihamer Varnai, Reka Schranz, Daniel Zavori, Laszlo Peterfi, Zoltan Sipos, David Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit Illes, Zsolt Buki, Andras Csecsei, Peter J Clin Med Article Background: Post-COVID manifestation is defined as persistent symptoms or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from disease onset. Fatigue and memory impairment are common post-COVID symptoms. We aimed to explore associations between the timeline and severity of post-COVID fatigue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Methods: Fatigue and memory impairment were assessed in a total of 101 post-COVID subjects using the Chalder fatigue scale (CFQ-11) and a visual analogue scale. Using the bimodal scoring system generated from CFQ-11, a score ≥4 was defined as severe fatigue. Serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S-Ig) and nucleocapsid (anti-NC-Ig) antibodies were examined at two time points: 4–12 weeks after onset of symptoms, and beyond 12 weeks. Results: The serum level of anti-S-Ig was significantly higher in patients with non-severe fatigue compared to those with severe fatigue at 4–12 weeks (p = 0.006) and beyond 12 weeks (p = 0.016). The serum level of anti-NC-Ig remained high in patients with non-severe fatigue at both time points. In contrast, anti-NC-Ig decreased significantly in severe fatigue cases regardless of the elapsed time (4–12 weeks: p = 0.024; beyond 12 weeks: p = 0.005). The incidence of memory impairment was significantly correlated with lower anti-S-Ig levels (−0.359, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The systemic immune response reflected by antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 is strongly correlated with the severity of post-COVID fatigue. MDPI 2021-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8509483/ /pubmed/34640355 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194337 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Molnar, Tihamer
Varnai, Reka
Schranz, Daniel
Zavori, Laszlo
Peterfi, Zoltan
Sipos, David
Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit
Illes, Zsolt
Buki, Andras
Csecsei, Peter
Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title_full Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title_fullStr Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title_full_unstemmed Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title_short Severe Fatigue and Memory Impairment Are Associated with Lower Serum Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Post-COVID Symptoms
title_sort severe fatigue and memory impairment are associated with lower serum level of anti-sars-cov-2 antibodies in patients with post-covid symptoms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509483/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640355
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194337
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