Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review

The diagnostic process for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is based on a behavioral analysis of the suspected individual. Despite intensive research, no specific and valid biomarker has been identified for ASD, but saliva, with its advantages such as non-invasive collection, could serve as a suitabl...

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Autores principales: Janšáková, Katarína, Kyselicová, Klaudia, Ostatníková, Daniela, Repiská, Gabriela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639213
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910873
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author Janšáková, Katarína
Kyselicová, Klaudia
Ostatníková, Daniela
Repiská, Gabriela
author_facet Janšáková, Katarína
Kyselicová, Klaudia
Ostatníková, Daniela
Repiská, Gabriela
author_sort Janšáková, Katarína
collection PubMed
description The diagnostic process for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is based on a behavioral analysis of the suspected individual. Despite intensive research, no specific and valid biomarker has been identified for ASD, but saliva, with its advantages such as non-invasive collection, could serve as a suitable alternative to other body fluids. As a source of nucleic acid of both human and microbial origin, protein and non-protein molecules, saliva offers a complex view on the current state of the organism. Additionally, the use of salivary markers seems to be less complicated not only for ASD screening but also for revealing the etiopathogenesis of ASD, since enrolling neurotypical counterparts willing to participate in studies may be more feasible. The aim of the presented review is to provide an overview of the current research performed on saliva in relation to ASD, mutual complementing, and discrepancies that result in difficulties applying the observed markers in clinical practice. We emphasize the methodological limitations of saliva collection and processing as well as the lack of information regarding ASD diagnosis, which is critically discussed.
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spelling pubmed-85095902021-10-13 Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review Janšáková, Katarína Kyselicová, Klaudia Ostatníková, Daniela Repiská, Gabriela Int J Mol Sci Systematic Review The diagnostic process for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is based on a behavioral analysis of the suspected individual. Despite intensive research, no specific and valid biomarker has been identified for ASD, but saliva, with its advantages such as non-invasive collection, could serve as a suitable alternative to other body fluids. As a source of nucleic acid of both human and microbial origin, protein and non-protein molecules, saliva offers a complex view on the current state of the organism. Additionally, the use of salivary markers seems to be less complicated not only for ASD screening but also for revealing the etiopathogenesis of ASD, since enrolling neurotypical counterparts willing to participate in studies may be more feasible. The aim of the presented review is to provide an overview of the current research performed on saliva in relation to ASD, mutual complementing, and discrepancies that result in difficulties applying the observed markers in clinical practice. We emphasize the methodological limitations of saliva collection and processing as well as the lack of information regarding ASD diagnosis, which is critically discussed. MDPI 2021-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8509590/ /pubmed/34639213 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910873 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Janšáková, Katarína
Kyselicová, Klaudia
Ostatníková, Daniela
Repiská, Gabriela
Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title_full Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title_short Potential of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Research: A Systematic Review
title_sort potential of salivary biomarkers in autism research: a systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34639213
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910873
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