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Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause

A 2-month-old, intact male domestic shorthair cat with dullness, bilateral central blindness, and recurrent epileptic seizures was presented to a local clinic. Seizures were the generalized myoclonic and tonic-clonic type. Phenobarbital was initiated and maintained; however, seizures were not contro...

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Autores principales: Hasegawa, Daisuke, Asada, Rikako, Mizuno, Satoshi, Yu, Yoshihiko, Hamamoto, Yuji, Kanazono, Shinichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8511771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34660772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.745063
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author Hasegawa, Daisuke
Asada, Rikako
Mizuno, Satoshi
Yu, Yoshihiko
Hamamoto, Yuji
Kanazono, Shinichi
author_facet Hasegawa, Daisuke
Asada, Rikako
Mizuno, Satoshi
Yu, Yoshihiko
Hamamoto, Yuji
Kanazono, Shinichi
author_sort Hasegawa, Daisuke
collection PubMed
description A 2-month-old, intact male domestic shorthair cat with dullness, bilateral central blindness, and recurrent epileptic seizures was presented to a local clinic. Seizures were the generalized myoclonic and tonic-clonic type. Phenobarbital was initiated and maintained; however, seizures were not controlled. Other anti-seizure drugs, including levetiracetam, zonisamide, and diazepam, also provided insufficient seizure control with seizures occurring hourly to daily. By 8 months of age, the cat displayed non-ambulatory tetraparesis and deep somnolence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and pre- and post-prandial total bile acid analyses were unremarkable. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) revealed central dominant but generally synchronized spikes and multiple spikes. The cat was diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause and was included in a clinical trial of epilepsy surgery. Given the unremarkable MRI and bilateral synchronized EEG abnormalities, a corpus callosotomy was performed at 12 months of age, and partial desynchronization of spikes was confirmed on EEG. Incomplete transection was found in the genu of the corpus callosum on postoperative MRI. After surgery, the mental status and ambulation clearly improved, and seizure frequency and duration were remarkably reduced. Recheck with follow-up EEG and MRI were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Scores of activities of daily living and visual analog scales including cat's and owner's quality of life had also improved considerably. This case report is the first documentation of the one-year clinical outcome of corpus callosotomy in a clinical feline case with drug-resistant epilepsy.
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spelling pubmed-85117712021-10-14 Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause Hasegawa, Daisuke Asada, Rikako Mizuno, Satoshi Yu, Yoshihiko Hamamoto, Yuji Kanazono, Shinichi Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science A 2-month-old, intact male domestic shorthair cat with dullness, bilateral central blindness, and recurrent epileptic seizures was presented to a local clinic. Seizures were the generalized myoclonic and tonic-clonic type. Phenobarbital was initiated and maintained; however, seizures were not controlled. Other anti-seizure drugs, including levetiracetam, zonisamide, and diazepam, also provided insufficient seizure control with seizures occurring hourly to daily. By 8 months of age, the cat displayed non-ambulatory tetraparesis and deep somnolence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and pre- and post-prandial total bile acid analyses were unremarkable. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) revealed central dominant but generally synchronized spikes and multiple spikes. The cat was diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause and was included in a clinical trial of epilepsy surgery. Given the unremarkable MRI and bilateral synchronized EEG abnormalities, a corpus callosotomy was performed at 12 months of age, and partial desynchronization of spikes was confirmed on EEG. Incomplete transection was found in the genu of the corpus callosum on postoperative MRI. After surgery, the mental status and ambulation clearly improved, and seizure frequency and duration were remarkably reduced. Recheck with follow-up EEG and MRI were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Scores of activities of daily living and visual analog scales including cat's and owner's quality of life had also improved considerably. This case report is the first documentation of the one-year clinical outcome of corpus callosotomy in a clinical feline case with drug-resistant epilepsy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8511771/ /pubmed/34660772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.745063 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hasegawa, Asada, Mizuno, Yu, Hamamoto and Kanazono. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Hasegawa, Daisuke
Asada, Rikako
Mizuno, Satoshi
Yu, Yoshihiko
Hamamoto, Yuji
Kanazono, Shinichi
Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title_full Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title_fullStr Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title_short Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause
title_sort case report: corpus callosotomy in a cat with drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8511771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34660772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.745063
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