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Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
The ocular immune privilege is a phenomenon brought about by anatomical and physiological barriers to shield the eye from immune and inflammation responses. While this phenomenon is beneficial for eyes protection, it is, at the same time, a hindrance for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34641139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193324 |
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author | Laradji, Amine Karakocak, Bedia B. Kolesnikov, Alexander V. Kefalov, Vladimir J. Ravi, Nathan |
author_facet | Laradji, Amine Karakocak, Bedia B. Kolesnikov, Alexander V. Kefalov, Vladimir J. Ravi, Nathan |
author_sort | Laradji, Amine |
collection | PubMed |
description | The ocular immune privilege is a phenomenon brought about by anatomical and physiological barriers to shield the eye from immune and inflammation responses. While this phenomenon is beneficial for eyes protection, it is, at the same time, a hindrance for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye to treat retinal diseases. Some ocular barriers can be bypassed by intravitreal injections, but these are associated with several side effects and patient noncompliance, especially when frequent injections are required. As an alternative, applying drugs as an eye drop is preferred due to the safety and ease. This study investigated the possible use of topically-applied hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles to the back of the eye. The coated gold nanoparticles were topically applied to mouse eyes, and results were compared to topically applied uncoated gold nanoparticles and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Retina sections from these mice were then analyzed using fluorescence microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All characterization techniques used in this study suggest that hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles have higher distribution in the posterior segment of the eye than uncoated gold nanoparticles. Electroretinogram (ERG) analysis revealed that the visual function of mice receiving the coated gold nanoparticles was not affected, and these nanoparticles can, therefore, be applied safely. Together, our results suggest that hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles constitute potential drug delivery vehicles to the retina when applied noninvasively as an eye drop. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8512139 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85121392021-10-14 Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Laradji, Amine Karakocak, Bedia B. Kolesnikov, Alexander V. Kefalov, Vladimir J. Ravi, Nathan Polymers (Basel) Communication The ocular immune privilege is a phenomenon brought about by anatomical and physiological barriers to shield the eye from immune and inflammation responses. While this phenomenon is beneficial for eyes protection, it is, at the same time, a hindrance for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye to treat retinal diseases. Some ocular barriers can be bypassed by intravitreal injections, but these are associated with several side effects and patient noncompliance, especially when frequent injections are required. As an alternative, applying drugs as an eye drop is preferred due to the safety and ease. This study investigated the possible use of topically-applied hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles to the back of the eye. The coated gold nanoparticles were topically applied to mouse eyes, and results were compared to topically applied uncoated gold nanoparticles and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Retina sections from these mice were then analyzed using fluorescence microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All characterization techniques used in this study suggest that hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles have higher distribution in the posterior segment of the eye than uncoated gold nanoparticles. Electroretinogram (ERG) analysis revealed that the visual function of mice receiving the coated gold nanoparticles was not affected, and these nanoparticles can, therefore, be applied safely. Together, our results suggest that hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanoparticles constitute potential drug delivery vehicles to the retina when applied noninvasively as an eye drop. MDPI 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8512139/ /pubmed/34641139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193324 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Laradji, Amine Karakocak, Bedia B. Kolesnikov, Alexander V. Kefalov, Vladimir J. Ravi, Nathan Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title | Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title_full | Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title_fullStr | Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title_full_unstemmed | Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title_short | Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gold Nanoparticles for the Topical Delivery of Therapeutics to the Retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium |
title_sort | hyaluronic acid-based gold nanoparticles for the topical delivery of therapeutics to the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34641139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193324 |
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