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Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization

Endovascular glue embolization is a minimally invasive technique used to selectively reduce or block the blood supply to specific targeted vessels. Cyanoacrylate glues, mixed with radiopaque iodized oil, have been widely used for vascular embolization owing to their rapid polymerization rate, good p...

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Autores principales: Li, Yongjiang, Xiao, Lei, Wang, Zian, Chen, Kejie, Xue, Chundong, Yu, Miao, Wang, Yu, Kong, Fanyi, Liu, Kun, Qin, Kairong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512224/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34641176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193362
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author Li, Yongjiang
Xiao, Lei
Wang, Zian
Chen, Kejie
Xue, Chundong
Yu, Miao
Wang, Yu
Kong, Fanyi
Liu, Kun
Qin, Kairong
author_facet Li, Yongjiang
Xiao, Lei
Wang, Zian
Chen, Kejie
Xue, Chundong
Yu, Miao
Wang, Yu
Kong, Fanyi
Liu, Kun
Qin, Kairong
author_sort Li, Yongjiang
collection PubMed
description Endovascular glue embolization is a minimally invasive technique used to selectively reduce or block the blood supply to specific targeted vessels. Cyanoacrylate glues, mixed with radiopaque iodized oil, have been widely used for vascular embolization owing to their rapid polymerization rate, good penetration ability and low tissue toxicity. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, the selection of the glue–oil proportion and the manual injection process of mixtures are mostly based on empirical knowledge of operators, as the crucial physicochemical effect of polymerization kinetics has rarely been quantitatively investigated. In this study, the Raman spectroscopy is used for studying the polymerization kinetics of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate-based glues mixed with an iodized oil. To simulate the polymerization process during embolization, glue–oil mixtures upon contact with a protein ionic solution mimicking blood plasma are manually constructed and their polymerization kinetics are systematically characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrate the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy in the characterization of polymerization kinetics of cyanoacrylate-based embolic glues. The polymerization process of cyanoacrylate-based mixtures consists of a fast polymerization phase followed by a slow phase. The propagation velocity and polymerization time primarily depend on the glue concentrations. The commonly used 50% mixture polymerizes 1 mm over ∼21.8 s, while it takes ∼51 min to extend to 5 mm. The results provide essential information for interventional radiologists to help them understand the polymerization kinetics of embolic glues and thus regulate the polymerization rate for effective embolization.
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spelling pubmed-85122242021-10-14 Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization Li, Yongjiang Xiao, Lei Wang, Zian Chen, Kejie Xue, Chundong Yu, Miao Wang, Yu Kong, Fanyi Liu, Kun Qin, Kairong Polymers (Basel) Article Endovascular glue embolization is a minimally invasive technique used to selectively reduce or block the blood supply to specific targeted vessels. Cyanoacrylate glues, mixed with radiopaque iodized oil, have been widely used for vascular embolization owing to their rapid polymerization rate, good penetration ability and low tissue toxicity. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, the selection of the glue–oil proportion and the manual injection process of mixtures are mostly based on empirical knowledge of operators, as the crucial physicochemical effect of polymerization kinetics has rarely been quantitatively investigated. In this study, the Raman spectroscopy is used for studying the polymerization kinetics of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate-based glues mixed with an iodized oil. To simulate the polymerization process during embolization, glue–oil mixtures upon contact with a protein ionic solution mimicking blood plasma are manually constructed and their polymerization kinetics are systematically characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrate the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy in the characterization of polymerization kinetics of cyanoacrylate-based embolic glues. The polymerization process of cyanoacrylate-based mixtures consists of a fast polymerization phase followed by a slow phase. The propagation velocity and polymerization time primarily depend on the glue concentrations. The commonly used 50% mixture polymerizes 1 mm over ∼21.8 s, while it takes ∼51 min to extend to 5 mm. The results provide essential information for interventional radiologists to help them understand the polymerization kinetics of embolic glues and thus regulate the polymerization rate for effective embolization. MDPI 2021-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8512224/ /pubmed/34641176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193362 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Yongjiang
Xiao, Lei
Wang, Zian
Chen, Kejie
Xue, Chundong
Yu, Miao
Wang, Yu
Kong, Fanyi
Liu, Kun
Qin, Kairong
Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title_full Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title_fullStr Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title_full_unstemmed Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title_short Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymerization Kinetics of Cyanoacrylate Embolic Glues for Vascular Embolization
title_sort raman spectroscopic characterization of polymerization kinetics of cyanoacrylate embolic glues for vascular embolization
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512224/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34641176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193362
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