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Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH
Penicillins and cephalosporins belong to the β-lactam antibiotic family, which accounts for more than half of the world market for antibiotics. Misuse of antibiotics harms human health and the environment. Here, we describe an easy, fast, and sensitive optical method for the sensing and discriminati...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196384 |
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author | Xu, Yifei Bonizzoni, Marco |
author_facet | Xu, Yifei Bonizzoni, Marco |
author_sort | Xu, Yifei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Penicillins and cephalosporins belong to the β-lactam antibiotic family, which accounts for more than half of the world market for antibiotics. Misuse of antibiotics harms human health and the environment. Here, we describe an easy, fast, and sensitive optical method for the sensing and discrimination of two penicillin and five cephalosporin antibiotics in buffered water at pH 7.4, using fifth-generation poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and calcein, a commercially available macromolecular polyelectrolyte and a fluorescent dye, respectively. In aqueous solution at pH 7.4, the dendrimer and dye self-assemble to form a sensor that interacts with carboxylate-containing antibiotics through electrostatic interaction, monitored through changes in the dye’s spectroscopic properties. This response was captured through absorbance, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence anisotropy. The resulting data set was processed through linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a common pattern-base recognition method, for the differentiation of cephalosporins and penicillins. By pre-hydrolysis of the β-lactam rings under basic conditions, we were able to increase the charge density of the analytes, allowing us to discriminate the seven analytes at a concentration of 5 mM, with a limit of discrimination of 1 mM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8512602 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85126022021-10-14 Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH Xu, Yifei Bonizzoni, Marco Sensors (Basel) Article Penicillins and cephalosporins belong to the β-lactam antibiotic family, which accounts for more than half of the world market for antibiotics. Misuse of antibiotics harms human health and the environment. Here, we describe an easy, fast, and sensitive optical method for the sensing and discrimination of two penicillin and five cephalosporin antibiotics in buffered water at pH 7.4, using fifth-generation poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and calcein, a commercially available macromolecular polyelectrolyte and a fluorescent dye, respectively. In aqueous solution at pH 7.4, the dendrimer and dye self-assemble to form a sensor that interacts with carboxylate-containing antibiotics through electrostatic interaction, monitored through changes in the dye’s spectroscopic properties. This response was captured through absorbance, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence anisotropy. The resulting data set was processed through linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a common pattern-base recognition method, for the differentiation of cephalosporins and penicillins. By pre-hydrolysis of the β-lactam rings under basic conditions, we were able to increase the charge density of the analytes, allowing us to discriminate the seven analytes at a concentration of 5 mM, with a limit of discrimination of 1 mM. MDPI 2021-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8512602/ /pubmed/34640711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196384 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Xu, Yifei Bonizzoni, Marco Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title | Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title_full | Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title_fullStr | Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title_full_unstemmed | Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title_short | Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH |
title_sort | beta-lactam antibiotic discrimination using a macromolecular sensor in water at neutral ph |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196384 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT xuyifei betalactamantibioticdiscriminationusingamacromolecularsensorinwateratneutralph AT bonizzonimarco betalactamantibioticdiscriminationusingamacromolecularsensorinwateratneutralph |