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A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †

This paper presents an analog front-end for fine-dust detection systems with a 77-dB-wide dynamic range and a dual-mode ultra-low noise TIA with 142-dBΩ towards the maximum gain. The required high sensitivity of the analog signal conditioning path dictates having a high sensitivity at the front-end...

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Autores principales: Rad, Reza E., Hejazi, Arash, Asl, Seyed-Ali H., Shehzad, Khuram, Verma, Deeksha, Kim, SungJin, Rikan, Behnam S., Pu, YoungGun, Kim, Joon Tae, Hwang, Keum Cheol, Yang, Youngoo, Lee, Kang-Yoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640682
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196360
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author Rad, Reza E.
Hejazi, Arash
Asl, Seyed-Ali H.
Shehzad, Khuram
Verma, Deeksha
Kim, SungJin
Rikan, Behnam S.
Pu, YoungGun
Kim, Joon Tae
Hwang, Keum Cheol
Yang, Youngoo
Lee, Kang-Yoon
author_facet Rad, Reza E.
Hejazi, Arash
Asl, Seyed-Ali H.
Shehzad, Khuram
Verma, Deeksha
Kim, SungJin
Rikan, Behnam S.
Pu, YoungGun
Kim, Joon Tae
Hwang, Keum Cheol
Yang, Youngoo
Lee, Kang-Yoon
author_sort Rad, Reza E.
collection PubMed
description This paper presents an analog front-end for fine-dust detection systems with a 77-dB-wide dynamic range and a dual-mode ultra-low noise TIA with 142-dBΩ towards the maximum gain. The required high sensitivity of the analog signal conditioning path dictates having a high sensitivity at the front-end while the Input-Referred Noise (IRN) is kept low. Therefore, a TIA with a high sensitivity to detected current bio-signals is provided by a photodiode module. The analog front end is formed by the TIA, a DC-Offset Cancellation (DCOC) circuit, a Single-to-Differential Amplifier (SDA), and two Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs). Gain adjustment is implemented by a coarse-gain-step using selective loads with four different gain values and fine-gain steps by 42 dB dynamic range during 16 fine steps. The settling time of the TIA is compensated using a capacitive compensation which is applied for the last stage. An off-state circuitry is proposed to avoid any off-current leakage. This TIA is designed in a 0.18 µm standard CMOS technology. Post-layout simulations show a high gain operation with a 67 dB dynamic range, input-referred noise, less than 600 fA/√Hz in low frequencies, and less than 27 fA/√Hz at 20 kHz, a minimum detectable current signal of 4 pA, and a 2.71 mW power consumption. After measuring the full path of the analog signal conditioning path, the experimental results of the fabricated chip show a maximum gain of 142 dB for the TIA. The Single-to-Differential Amplifier delivers a differential waveform with a unity gain. The PGA1 and PGA2 show a maximum gain of 6.7 dB and 6.3 dB, respectively. The full-path analog front-end shows a wide dynamic range of up to 77 dB in the measurement results.
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spelling pubmed-85128892021-10-14 A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA † Rad, Reza E. Hejazi, Arash Asl, Seyed-Ali H. Shehzad, Khuram Verma, Deeksha Kim, SungJin Rikan, Behnam S. Pu, YoungGun Kim, Joon Tae Hwang, Keum Cheol Yang, Youngoo Lee, Kang-Yoon Sensors (Basel) Communication This paper presents an analog front-end for fine-dust detection systems with a 77-dB-wide dynamic range and a dual-mode ultra-low noise TIA with 142-dBΩ towards the maximum gain. The required high sensitivity of the analog signal conditioning path dictates having a high sensitivity at the front-end while the Input-Referred Noise (IRN) is kept low. Therefore, a TIA with a high sensitivity to detected current bio-signals is provided by a photodiode module. The analog front end is formed by the TIA, a DC-Offset Cancellation (DCOC) circuit, a Single-to-Differential Amplifier (SDA), and two Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs). Gain adjustment is implemented by a coarse-gain-step using selective loads with four different gain values and fine-gain steps by 42 dB dynamic range during 16 fine steps. The settling time of the TIA is compensated using a capacitive compensation which is applied for the last stage. An off-state circuitry is proposed to avoid any off-current leakage. This TIA is designed in a 0.18 µm standard CMOS technology. Post-layout simulations show a high gain operation with a 67 dB dynamic range, input-referred noise, less than 600 fA/√Hz in low frequencies, and less than 27 fA/√Hz at 20 kHz, a minimum detectable current signal of 4 pA, and a 2.71 mW power consumption. After measuring the full path of the analog signal conditioning path, the experimental results of the fabricated chip show a maximum gain of 142 dB for the TIA. The Single-to-Differential Amplifier delivers a differential waveform with a unity gain. The PGA1 and PGA2 show a maximum gain of 6.7 dB and 6.3 dB, respectively. The full-path analog front-end shows a wide dynamic range of up to 77 dB in the measurement results. MDPI 2021-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8512889/ /pubmed/34640682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196360 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Rad, Reza E.
Hejazi, Arash
Asl, Seyed-Ali H.
Shehzad, Khuram
Verma, Deeksha
Kim, SungJin
Rikan, Behnam S.
Pu, YoungGun
Kim, Joon Tae
Hwang, Keum Cheol
Yang, Youngoo
Lee, Kang-Yoon
A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title_full A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title_fullStr A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title_full_unstemmed A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title_short A 77-dB Dynamic-Range Analog Front-End for Fine-Dust Detection Systems with Dual-Mode Ultra-Low Noise TIA †
title_sort 77-db dynamic-range analog front-end for fine-dust detection systems with dual-mode ultra-low noise tia †
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8512889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34640682
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196360
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