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Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication has been used for many years. Yet, the impact of this eradication on the normal gastric microflora is not well understood. In this study, we explored the effect of eradication on the stomach microbial community and its recovery after successful Hp era...

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Autores principales: Mao, Li-Qi, Zhou, Yan-Lin, Wang, Shuang-Shuang, Chen, Lin, Hu, Yue, Yu, Lei-Min, Xu, Jing-Ming, Lyu, Bin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8513236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34645495
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00460-2
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author Mao, Li-Qi
Zhou, Yan-Lin
Wang, Shuang-Shuang
Chen, Lin
Hu, Yue
Yu, Lei-Min
Xu, Jing-Ming
Lyu, Bin
author_facet Mao, Li-Qi
Zhou, Yan-Lin
Wang, Shuang-Shuang
Chen, Lin
Hu, Yue
Yu, Lei-Min
Xu, Jing-Ming
Lyu, Bin
author_sort Mao, Li-Qi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication has been used for many years. Yet, the impact of this eradication on the normal gastric microflora is not well understood. In this study, we explored the effect of eradication on the stomach microbial community and its recovery after successful Hp eradication. METHODS: Among the 89 included patients, 23, 17, 40, and 9 were included in the Hp-negative, Hp-positive, successful eradication, and failed eradication groups, respectively. Four subgroups were further determined according to disease status (Hp-negative chronic gastritis [N-CG], Hp-negative atrophic gastritis [N-AG], successful-eradication chronic gastritis [SE-CG], and atrophic gastritis with successful eradication [SE-AG]). During the endoscopic examination, one piece of gastric mucosa tissue was obtained from the lesser curvature side of the gastric antrum and gastric corpus, respectively. In addition, 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gastric mucosal microbiome. RESULTS: In the Hp-negative group, the gastric microbiota was dominated by five phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria. After successfully eradicating Hp, the bacterial flora in the stomach recovered to a considerable extent. In the failed eradication group, the flora was similar to the flora in Hp-positive subjects based on the alpha and beta diversities. Among the groups, Curvibacter and Acinetobacter were enriched in the presence of Hp (i.e., failed eradication and Hp-positive groups), suggesting that these two genera could be used as biomarkers in the symbiotic flora in the presence of Hp. SE-CG was characterized by an increase in Firmicutes taxa and a decrease in Proteobacteria taxa compared with N-CG. SE-AG was characterized by a decrease in Firmicutes relative to N-AG. Finally, no differences were found in the pairwise comparisons of nitrate and nitrite reductase functions of the microflora among the four subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: After Hp infection, the diversity and relative abundance of gastric microflora were significantly decreased. Yet, gastric microbiota could be partially restored to the Hp-negative status after eradication. Still, this effect was incomplete and might contribute to the long-term risks. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-021-00460-2.
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spelling pubmed-85132362021-10-20 Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome Mao, Li-Qi Zhou, Yan-Lin Wang, Shuang-Shuang Chen, Lin Hu, Yue Yu, Lei-Min Xu, Jing-Ming Lyu, Bin Gut Pathog Research BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication has been used for many years. Yet, the impact of this eradication on the normal gastric microflora is not well understood. In this study, we explored the effect of eradication on the stomach microbial community and its recovery after successful Hp eradication. METHODS: Among the 89 included patients, 23, 17, 40, and 9 were included in the Hp-negative, Hp-positive, successful eradication, and failed eradication groups, respectively. Four subgroups were further determined according to disease status (Hp-negative chronic gastritis [N-CG], Hp-negative atrophic gastritis [N-AG], successful-eradication chronic gastritis [SE-CG], and atrophic gastritis with successful eradication [SE-AG]). During the endoscopic examination, one piece of gastric mucosa tissue was obtained from the lesser curvature side of the gastric antrum and gastric corpus, respectively. In addition, 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gastric mucosal microbiome. RESULTS: In the Hp-negative group, the gastric microbiota was dominated by five phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria. After successfully eradicating Hp, the bacterial flora in the stomach recovered to a considerable extent. In the failed eradication group, the flora was similar to the flora in Hp-positive subjects based on the alpha and beta diversities. Among the groups, Curvibacter and Acinetobacter were enriched in the presence of Hp (i.e., failed eradication and Hp-positive groups), suggesting that these two genera could be used as biomarkers in the symbiotic flora in the presence of Hp. SE-CG was characterized by an increase in Firmicutes taxa and a decrease in Proteobacteria taxa compared with N-CG. SE-AG was characterized by a decrease in Firmicutes relative to N-AG. Finally, no differences were found in the pairwise comparisons of nitrate and nitrite reductase functions of the microflora among the four subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: After Hp infection, the diversity and relative abundance of gastric microflora were significantly decreased. Yet, gastric microbiota could be partially restored to the Hp-negative status after eradication. Still, this effect was incomplete and might contribute to the long-term risks. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-021-00460-2. BioMed Central 2021-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8513236/ /pubmed/34645495 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00460-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Mao, Li-Qi
Zhou, Yan-Lin
Wang, Shuang-Shuang
Chen, Lin
Hu, Yue
Yu, Lei-Min
Xu, Jing-Ming
Lyu, Bin
Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title_full Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title_fullStr Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title_short Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
title_sort impact of helicobacter pylori eradication on the gastric microbiome
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8513236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34645495
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00460-2
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