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The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity
PURPOSE: The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap is as a valuable alternative in autologous breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the donor site morbidity and secondary refinement procedures after TMG flap breast reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective study w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Singapore
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8514370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34091861 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01264-7 |
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author | Siegwart, Laura C. Fischer, Sebastian Diehm, Yannick F. Heil, Jörg M. Hirche, Christoph Kneser, Ulrich Kotsougiani-Fischer, Dimitra |
author_facet | Siegwart, Laura C. Fischer, Sebastian Diehm, Yannick F. Heil, Jörg M. Hirche, Christoph Kneser, Ulrich Kotsougiani-Fischer, Dimitra |
author_sort | Siegwart, Laura C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap is as a valuable alternative in autologous breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the donor site morbidity and secondary refinement procedures after TMG flap breast reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, including all patients who received TMG flap breast reconstructions, from January 2012 to August 2019. Primary outcomes were surgical site complications of the donor site and secondary refinement procedures carried out for aesthetic or reconstructive purposes for the medial thigh. Secondary outcomes of interest were lipofilling procedures for optimization of the reconstructed breasts. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients received 159 TMG flaps for breast reconstruction. Patients’ mean BMI was 23.5 (15.6–32.5) kg/m(2). Bilateral breast reconstructions were performed in 60.6%. The mean flap volume was 330 (231–440) g. Surgical site complications occurred in 14.5% of the TMG donor sites and wound dehiscence was the most common complication (9.4%). Lymphedema occurred in 1.8% of the donor thighs. Aesthetic refinement procedures were performed in 25.2% on the donor thigh or contralateral thigh. Secondary lipofilling was performed in 54.1% of the reconstructed breasts and fat was harvested in only 11.9% from the legs. CONCLUSION: The TMG flap breast reconstruction combines low donor site morbidity with adequate volume for appealing breast results, particularly in slim-to-normal weight patients. However, patients should be informed about the likelihood of secondary refinement procedures on the donor site and the need of lipofilling to optimize the breast shape and volume. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8514370 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Singapore |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85143702021-10-27 The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity Siegwart, Laura C. Fischer, Sebastian Diehm, Yannick F. Heil, Jörg M. Hirche, Christoph Kneser, Ulrich Kotsougiani-Fischer, Dimitra Breast Cancer Original Article PURPOSE: The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap is as a valuable alternative in autologous breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the donor site morbidity and secondary refinement procedures after TMG flap breast reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, including all patients who received TMG flap breast reconstructions, from January 2012 to August 2019. Primary outcomes were surgical site complications of the donor site and secondary refinement procedures carried out for aesthetic or reconstructive purposes for the medial thigh. Secondary outcomes of interest were lipofilling procedures for optimization of the reconstructed breasts. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients received 159 TMG flaps for breast reconstruction. Patients’ mean BMI was 23.5 (15.6–32.5) kg/m(2). Bilateral breast reconstructions were performed in 60.6%. The mean flap volume was 330 (231–440) g. Surgical site complications occurred in 14.5% of the TMG donor sites and wound dehiscence was the most common complication (9.4%). Lymphedema occurred in 1.8% of the donor thighs. Aesthetic refinement procedures were performed in 25.2% on the donor thigh or contralateral thigh. Secondary lipofilling was performed in 54.1% of the reconstructed breasts and fat was harvested in only 11.9% from the legs. CONCLUSION: The TMG flap breast reconstruction combines low donor site morbidity with adequate volume for appealing breast results, particularly in slim-to-normal weight patients. However, patients should be informed about the likelihood of secondary refinement procedures on the donor site and the need of lipofilling to optimize the breast shape and volume. Springer Singapore 2021-06-06 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8514370/ /pubmed/34091861 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01264-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Siegwart, Laura C. Fischer, Sebastian Diehm, Yannick F. Heil, Jörg M. Hirche, Christoph Kneser, Ulrich Kotsougiani-Fischer, Dimitra The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title | The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title_full | The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title_fullStr | The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title_full_unstemmed | The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title_short | The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
title_sort | transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for autologous breast reconstruction: focus on donor site morbidity |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8514370/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34091861 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01264-7 |
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